- Obstruction of the urinary tract.
- Ischemic or nephrotoxic injury to renal tubular cells.
- Reduced renal perfusion.
- Glomerular inflammation.
152. A patient with acute kidney injury is diagnosed with intrinsic (intra-renal) AKI due to acute tubular necrosis (ATN). What is the technical primary pathophysiological cause of ATN?
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