- Loss of dopaminergic neurons.
- Accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles.
- Demyelination of nerve fibers.
- Increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure.
Author: ETEA MCQS.COM
No category found.
- Increased metabolic rate.
- Decreased production of thyroid hormones, leading to a generalized hypometabolic state.
- Autoimmune destruction of the adrenal glands.
- Excess growth hormone.
- Peptic ulcer.
- Gastric cancer.
- Barrett's esophagus (metaplasia).
- Esophageal varices.
- Acute myocardial infarction.
- Esophageal rupture.
- Aortic dissection, requiring urgent surgical intervention.
- Pulmonary embolism.
- T-cell mediated destruction of tissues.
- Autoantibody production and immune complex deposition.
- IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction.
- Non-inflammatory joint degeneration.
- Pneumothorax.
- Myocardial infarction.
- Pulmonary embolism.
- Asthma exacerbation.
- Pneumonia.
- Asthma exacerbation.
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), requiring ventilatory support.
- Congestive heart failure.
- Directly relaxes vascular smooth muscle.
- Increases sodium reabsorption in the kidneys.
- Blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, reducing vasoconstriction and aldosterone secretion.
- Stimulates sympathetic nervous system.
- Impaired glucose metabolism.
- Portal hypertension and hepatocellular dysfunction.
- Renal tubular damage.
- Increased bile production.
- Hemophilia.
- Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
- Vitamin K deficiency.
- Transient ischemic attack (TIA).
- Ischemic stroke due to cardioembolic event.
- Hemorrhagic stroke.
- Bell's palsy.
- Loss of alveolar elasticity.
- Chronic inflammation and reversible bronchoconstriction.
- Alveolar fluid accumulation.
- Pulmonary artery hypertension.
- Iron deficiency.
- Vitamin B12 deficiency.
- Decreased production of erythropoietin by the kidneys.
- Increased red blood cell destruction.
- Ulcerative colitis.
- Irritable bowel syndrome.
- Crohn's disease.
- Diverticulitis.
- Viral meningitis, requiring symptomatic treatment.
- Bacterial meningitis, requiring urgent broad-spectrum antibiotics.
- Subarachnoid hemorrhage, requiring surgical consultation.
- Migraine headache, requiring analgesics.
- Reversible bronchoconstriction.
- Alveolar wall destruction and enlargement of airspaces.
- Excessive mucus production and chronic airway inflammation.
- Pulmonary fibrosis.
- Gastric ulceration.
- Gallstone obstruction of the cystic duct.
- Auto-digestion of the pancreas by activated digestive enzymes.
- Acute appendicitis.
- To differentiate between asthma and COPD.
- To identify acute kidney injury.
- To initiate immediate management for acute decompensated heart failure.
- To assess for deep vein thrombosis.
- Unstable angina due to partial coronary artery occlusion.
- Prinzmetal's angina due to coronary artery spasm.
- Myocardial infarction due to prolonged ischemia and myocardial cell necrosis.
- Pericarditis due to inflammation of the pericardium.
