Category: BS Nursing

No.	Topics.	No.	Topics.
1.	Adult health nursing -II	2.	Adult Health Nursing 1
3.	Anatomy & Physialogy 1	4.	Anatomy & Physiology -II
5.	Antomy	6.	Applied Nutrition
7.	Behavioral Psychology	8.	Bio chemistry for nurses
9.	Clinical Practicum	10.	Community Health Nursing -I
11.	Community Health nursing -III	12.	Community Health Nursing-I
13.	Community Health-II	14.	computer skills
15.	Critical Care Nursing	16.	Cultural Health & Society
17.	Developmental Pcychology	18.	English -VI ( Academic Writing )
19.	English 1 Fundamental English	20.	English VII Professional Writing
21.	English-II Communication Skills	22.	english-iii-technical-presentation-skills
23.	English-IV	24.	English-V
25.	Epidemoilogy	26.	Fundamenatals Of Nursing -II
27.	Fundamental of nursing	28.	Health Assessement 1
29.	Health Assessment -II	30.	Introduction To Biostatistics
31.	Introduction to Nursing Theories	32.	Islamiat
33.	Leadership and management in Nursing	34.	Mathematics
35.	Microbiology	36.	Mrental Health Nursinig
37.	Nursing Ethics	38.	Nursing Research
39.	Pak Study	40.	Pathophysiology
41.	Pathophysiology-II	42.	Pediartic Health Nursing-II
43.	Pharmacology -II	44.	Pharmacology-I
45.	Teaching Learning Principles & Practice

168. A medicinal study reports a 95% confidence interval for the mean treatment effect as (2.0,5.0). What critical interpretation can be made regarding the null hypothesis of no effect?

The null hypothesis of no effect can be rejected because the interval does not include zero.
The null hypothesis of no effect is likely true.
The drug is harmful.
The confidence interval is too wide.

166. What technical term describes a measure of association between two variables that ranges from -1 to +1?

P-value.
T-statistic.
Correlation coefficient.
Regression coefficient.

164. A medicinal study investigates the relationship between the dose of a drug (continuous) and the presence of a specific side effect (yes/no). Which technical regression model is most appropriate?

Linear regression.
Logistic regression.
Poisson regression.
Survival regression.

165. A critical situational public health report on the effectiveness of a vaccination program relies solely on the proportion of vaccinated individuals who did not get sick. What is the urgency for a biostatistician to advise caution?

To immediately celebrate the program's success.
To urgently explain that this is a misleading metric and that a proper comparison with unvaccinated individuals or a calculation of vaccine effectiveness is critically needed.
To ignore the unvaccinated group.
To assume correlation implies effectiveness.

163. In a clinical study, researchers are interested in comparing the mean recovery times (continuous) among patients who received one of three different types of surgery. Which technical statistical test is most appropriate?

Independent samples t-test.
Paired t-test.
Chi-square test.
One-way ANOVA.

161. A critical situational clinical trial is experiencing higher than expected dropout rates from the control group. What is the urgency for a biostatistician to assess the impact?

To ignore the dropouts as normal.
To urgently assess if the dropout is differential (related to outcome or treatment), as this can introduce selection bias and invalidate the study results.
To only analyze complete cases.
To recruit more participants.

162. The technical concept of “degrees of freedom” in statistical tests relates to:

The number of variables in the study.
The number of observations in the sample minus the number of parameters estimated.
The significance level.
The power of the test.

160. A medicinal study aims to show that a new drug reduces cholesterol levels. The alternative hypothesis states that the new drug reduces the mean cholesterol level. What technical type of hypothesis test is this?

Two-tailed test.
One-tailed (right-tailed) test.
One-tailed (left-tailed) test.
Non-directional test.

159. A clinical trial compares the mean reduction in symptom severity score for two different drug groups. If the outcome variable is continuous and normally distributed, and the groups are independent, which technical statistical test is most appropriate?

Paired t-test.
Independent samples t-test.
Chi-square test.
One-way ANOVA.

157. A critical situational public health official needs to interpret the results of a study that reports a high correlation coefficient between two variables, but one of the variables is prone to significant measurement error. What is the urgency for a biostatistician’s advice?

To assume the correlation is accurate.
To urgently explain that measurement error can attenuate (reduce) the observed correlation, potentially masking a stronger true relationship.
To ignore the measurement error.
To only focus on the correlation coefficient.

158. What technical term describes the process of systematically organizing and summarizing data?

Inferential statistics.
Descriptive statistics.
Hypothesis testing.
Sampling.

156. A medicinal study aims to determine if a new drug is equivalent to an existing drug. What technical type of hypothesis test is typically used?

Superiority test.
Non-inferiority test.
Equivalence test.
Association test.

155. In a clinical study, researchers are measuring patient temperature (in Celsius). What technical type of data is temperature?

Nominal.
Ordinal.
Interval.
Ratio.

154. What technical term describes a graph that uses rectangles to represent the frequency of data in different categories?

Histogram.
Scatter plot.
Bar chart.
Line graph.

153. A critical situational research project involves using pre-existing administrative data for analysis. The biostatistician notes that the data collection methods were not standardized. What is the urgency for concern?

To use the data without any changes.
To urgently highlight potential for information bias due to inconsistent data collection and to develop strategies to assess and mitigate this bias.
To assume data are perfect.
To only analyze a subset of the data.

152. A medicinal study is testing a new drug. The alternative hypothesis states that the new drug increases the mean blood pressure. What technical type of hypothesis test is this?

Two-tailed test.
One-tailed (right-tailed) test.
One-tailed (left-tailed) test.
Non-directional test.

151. A clinical trial involves measuring patients’ cholesterol levels before and after receiving a new dietary supplement. Which technical statistical test is most appropriate for comparing the ‘before’ and ‘after’ mean cholesterol levels in the same group of patients?

Independent samples t-test.
Paired t-test.
Chi-square test.
One-way ANOVA.

150. In biostatistics, technical variables that can only take on a finite number of values or a countably infinite number of values are called:

Continuous variables.
Ordinal variables.
Discrete variables.
Nominal variables.

148. A medicinal study aims to determine if a new drug changes the proportion of patients who achieve a clinical endpoint (e.g., disease remission). What technical hypothesis test would be most appropriate for comparing these proportions between two independent groups?

Independent samples t-test.
Paired t-test.
Z-test for two proportions or Chi-square test.
One-way ANOVA.

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