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Pharmacology-I

251 questions found

Practice Questions

191. A patient receiving chemotherapy develops severe nausea and vomiting. The physician orders aprepitant. The nurse understands this antiemetic belongs to which class?

A. Dopamine antagonists
B. Serotonin antagonists
C. Substance P/neurokinin 1 receptor antagonists ✓
D. Anticholinergics
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

192. A nurse is providing education about methotrexate for a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse emphasizes the importance of taking supplemental folic acid to:

A. Increase methotrexate's effectiveness.
B. Prevent gastrointestinal upset.
C. Reduce adverse effects like oral ulcers and hair loss. ✓
D. Boost the immune system.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

194. A nurse is caring for a patient with peptic ulcer disease who is prescribed misoprostol. The nurse understands this medication is contraindicated in:

A. Patients with liver disease.
B. Pregnant women. ✓
C. Patients with renal impairment.
D. Patients with hypertension.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

195. A patient is prescribed a laxative for chronic constipation. The nurse advises the patient to avoid long-term daily use of stimulant laxatives because it can lead to:

A. Dehydration only.
B. Bowel dependence and loss of normal bowel function. ✓
C. Weight gain.
D. Increased absorption of nutrients.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

197. A nurse is administering medication to a patient with a known allergy. After administration, the patient develops hives and itching. The nurse’s first action should be to:

A. Document the reaction.
B. Continue monitoring the patient.
C. Administer prescribed antihistamine and assess for further signs of reaction. ✓
D. Notify the dietary department.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

200. A patient is prescribed an adrenergic bronchodilator (e.g., salbutamol) for asthma. The nurse explains that this medication works by:

A. Blocking histamine receptors.
B. Relaxing bronchial smooth muscle. ✓
C. Reducing inflammation in the airways.
D. Suppressing the cough reflex.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

189. A patient is prescribed a broad-spectrum antibiotic. The nurse explains that this type of antibiotic is effective against:

A. Only Gram-positive bacteria.
B. Only Gram-negative bacteria.
C. A wide range of bacterial types. ✓
D. Viruses and fungi.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

190. A nurse is caring for a patient on amphotericin B infusion. The patient develops fever, chills, and muscle aches during the infusion. The nurse should:

A. Stop the infusion immediately and notify the physician.
B. Continue the infusion but slow the rate.
C. Administer antipyretics and antihistamines as ordered, and continue monitoring. ✓
D. Administer a diuretic.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

177. A patient is experiencing severe heartburn and is prescribed an H2 receptor antagonist (e.g., ranitidine). The nurse explains that this medication works by:

A. Directly neutralizing stomach acid.
B. Blocking acid secretion stimulated by histamine. ✓
C. Increasing gastric motility.
D. Coating the esophageal lining.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

178. A patient is prescribed a stimulant laxative (e.g., bisacodyl) for occasional constipation. The nurse should warn the patient about the risk of:

A. Diarrhea and abdominal cramps
B. Dependence and electrolyte imbalance with long-term use ✓
C. Weight gain
D. Increased appetite
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

181. A patient with hypertension is prescribed carvedilol. The nurse understands that this medication is a beta-blocker with additional alpha-blocking properties, leading to:

A. Purely vasodilatory effects.
B. Increased heart rate.
C. More pronounced orthostatic hypotension. ✓
D. Selective action on the heart only.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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