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Health Assessment 1

141 questions found

Practice Questions

A patient with a genetic disorder has a mutated gene that leads to a deficiency in a lysosomal enzyme, causing accumulation of waste products in cells. This is an example of a:

A. Mitochondrial disorder.
B. Storage disorder. ✓
C. Chromosomal abnormality.
D. Multifactorial disorder.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a severe bacterial infection develops uncontrolled activation of the coagulation cascade and fibrinolysis. This suggests:

A. Hemophilia.
B. Von Willebrand disease.
C. Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC). ✓
D. Thrombocytopenia.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) develops oliguria. This refers to:

A. Excessive urine output.
B. No urine output.
C. Decreased urine output. ✓
D. Blood in the urine.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a chronic autoimmune disease, such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), may experience photosensitivity. This is due to:

A. Increased melanin production.
B. Autoantibody reactions to UV light-damaged cells. ✓
C. Vitamin D deficiency.
D. Impaired skin regeneration.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient develops a tumor that metastasizes through the lymphatic system. This is a common route for:

A. Sarcomas.
B. Carcinomas. ✓
C. Leukemias.
D. Lymphomas.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with severe stress develops peptic ulcers. This can be attributed to:

A. Increased gastric blood flow.
B. Decreased sympathetic nervous system activity.
C. Increased gastric acid secretion and decreased mucosal protection. ✓
D. Enhanced mucosal repair.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with chronic anemia develops compensatory tachycardia. This physiological response aims to:

A. Decrease oxygen demand.
B. Increase oxygen delivery to tissues by increasing cardiac output. ✓
C. Reduce blood pressure.
D. Promote fluid retention.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with chronic liver disease develops ascites. This is primarily due to:

A. Decreased portal venous pressure.
B. Increased albumin synthesis.
C. Portal hypertension and hypoalbuminemia. ✓
D. Increased lymphatic flow from the legs.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a spinal cord injury at T6 develops neurogenic shock. This type of shock is characterized by:

A. Tachycardia and vasoconstriction.
B. Bradycardia and massive vasodilation. ✓
C. Increased sympathetic tone.
D. Fluid overload.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a genetic disorder has abnormal hemoglobin, leading to sickled red blood cells. This condition is:

A. Hemophilia.
B. Thalassemia.
C. Sickle cell anemia. ✓
D. Aplastic anemia.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) develops hyperphosphatemia. This is primarily due to:

A. Increased renal excretion of phosphate.
B. Impaired renal excretion of phosphate. ✓
C. Increased dietary phosphate intake.
D. Decreased vitamin D activation.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a severe allergic reaction experiences a sudden drop in blood pressure. This is due to:

A. Widespread vasoconstriction.
B. Massive vasodilation and increased capillary permeability. ✓
C. Bradycardia.
D. Increased cardiac output.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The nurse explains that benign tumors are typically differentiated, meaning they:

A. Resemble the cells of origin. ✓
B. Are highly disorganized.
C. Grow rapidly.
D. Metastasize easily.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a history of alcohol abuse presents with severe liver damage and bleeding esophageal varices. The bleeding is primarily due to:

A. Portal hypertension. ✓
B. Decreased gastric acid.
C. Increased platelet count.
D. Enhanced clotting factors.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with severe trauma develops hemorrhagic shock. The primary compensatory mechanism involves:

A. Decreased heart rate.
B. Vasodilation.
C. Increased systemic vascular resistance and heart rate. ✓
D. Increased urine output.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with severe respiratory depression due to opioid overdose develops respiratory acidosis. The primary physiological response to compensate for this is:

A. Hyperventilation.
B. Renal retention of bicarbonate. ✓
C. Renal excretion of hydrogen ions.
D. Increased carbon dioxide excretion by the lungs.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a genetic predisposition and environmental triggers develops Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. This is an example of which type of inheritance pattern?

A. Single gene disorder.
B. Chromosomal abnormality.
C. Multifactorial inheritance. ✓
D. Mitochondrial inheritance.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with acute myocardial infarction develops cardiac enzymes (troponin, CK-MB) in the bloodstream. These enzymes are released due to:

A. Normal cardiac function.
B. Myocardial cell necrosis. ✓
C. Increased heart rate.
D. Decreased blood pressure.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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