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Health Assessment 1

141 questions found

Practice Questions

A patient with prolonged immobility develops a pressure injury. The primary mechanism of tissue damage in pressure injuries is:

A. Direct bacterial infection.
B. Friction and shear forces causing tissue deformation and ischemia. ✓
C. Allergic reaction to bedding material.
D. Excessive moisture leading to maceration.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a history of alcohol abuse develops liver cirrhosis. The pathological changes seen in cirrhosis are primarily characterized by:

A. Fatty infiltration with normal liver architecture.
B. Widespread fibrosis and nodule formation, disrupting liver structure and function. ✓
C. Acute inflammation with viral replication.
D. Increased bile production.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a traumatic brain injury develops Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH). This results in:

A. Increased urine output and hypernatremia.
B. Decreased urine output and hyponatremia. ✓
C. Normal fluid balance with hyperkalemia.
D. Fluid volume deficit and hypercalcemia.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient develops a tumor that is encapsulated, well-differentiated, and does not metastasize. This describes a:

A. Malignant tumor.
B. Benign tumor. ✓
C. Carcinoma in situ.
D. Sarcoma.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

In the process of carcinogenesis, “initiation” refers to:

A. The rapid proliferation of genetically altered cells.
B. The irreversible genetic alteration of a cell by a carcinogen. ✓
C. The spread of cancer cells to distant sites.
D. The formation of a visible tumor.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient experiences severe vomiting and diarrhea. The nurse anticipates the development of which acid-base imbalance?

A. Respiratory acidosis.
B. Metabolic acidosis. ✓
C. Respiratory alkalosis.
D. Metabolic alkalosis.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by the autoimmune destruction of which cells in the pancreas?

A. Alpha cells.
B. Beta cells. ✓
C. Delta cells.
D. Acinar cells.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a stroke is diagnosed with an ischemic stroke. The primary pathophysiological event causing this type of stroke is:

A. Rupture of a cerebral blood vessel.
B. An embolus or thrombus obstructing cerebral blood flow. ✓
C. Vasospasm of cerebral arteries.
D. Hypoxia due to respiratory failure.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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