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Microbiology

120 questions found

Practice Questions

The type of immune cell that directly attacks and destroys infected cells is the:

A. B-cell
B. Helper T-cell
C. Cytotoxic T-cell ✓
D. Plasma cell
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient develops a bloodstream infection after receiving intravenous fluids. This is a common route for:

A. Direct contact transmission
B. Indirect contact transmission ✓
C. Airborne transmission
D. Fomite transmission
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is educating a patient about viral infections. Viruses are often classified based on their:

A. Cell wall composition.
B. Gram stain reaction.
C. Type of genetic material (DNA or RNA). ✓
D. Ability to produce spores.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The period during an infection when signs and symptoms are most severe is called the:

A. Incubation period
B. Prodromal period
C. Illness period ✓
D. Convalescence period
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient is diagnosed with a persistent infection, such as chronic hepatitis B. This type of infection is characterized by:

A. Rapid onset and short duration.
B. The pathogen remaining in the body for long periods, often causing chronic symptoms. ✓
C. A rapid immune response and complete pathogen clearance.
D. No symptoms ever appearing.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is reviewing the results of a culture and sensitivity test. The sensitivity part indicates:

A. The type of bacteria present.
B. The specific antibiotic that the bacteria are susceptible to. ✓
C. The number of bacteria present.
D. The patient's immune response to the bacteria.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The immune response mediated by B-cells and antibodies in bodily fluids is known as:

A. Cell-mediated immunity
B. Humoral immunity ✓
C. Innate immunity
D. Passive immunity
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with pneumonia is diagnosed with an infection caused by a bacterium that is resistant to multiple antibiotics. This is an example of:

A. A localized infection
B. A multidrug-resistant (MDR) organism ✓
C. An opportunistic infection
D. A viral coinfection
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The process of killing or removal of all microorganisms, including bacterial spores, is called:

A. Disinfection
B. Antisepsis
C. Sterilization ✓
D. Sanitization
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The bacteria that thrive in extremely hot environments are classified as:

A. Psychrophiles
B. Mesophiles
C. Thermophiles ✓
D. Halophiles
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is monitoring a patient for signs of a healthcare-associated infection. Common sites for HAIs include:

A. Surgical sites, urinary tract, respiratory tract, bloodstream ✓
B. Skin, hair, nails
C. Eyes, ears, nose
D. Teeth, gums, tongue
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The process by which bacteria become resistant to antibiotics due to overuse or misuse is a major public health concern. This is primarily driven by:

A. Patient non-compliance with antibiotic regimen.
B. Natural selection and genetic mutation. ✓
C. The antibiotic killing all bacteria.
D. Antibiotics strengthening the bacteria.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient is diagnosed with a helminthic infection. Helminths are:

A. Single-celled protozoa.
B. Microscopic fungi.
C. Multicellular parasitic worms. ✓
D. Non-living infectious agents.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is performing wound care. The presence of green-blue pus might suggest an infection with:

A. Staphylococcus aureus
B. Streptococcus pyogenes
C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa ✓
D. Escherichia coli
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The study of parasites is called:

A. Bacteriology
B. Mycology
C. Parasitology ✓
D. Virology
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with diphtheria is treated with an antitoxin. Antitoxins provide:

A. Active immunity
B. Passive immunity ✓
C. Innate immunity
D. Cellular immunity
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient is infected with a bacterium that produces an enterotoxin, causing severe diarrhea. Enterotoxins primarily affect the:

A. Nervous system
B. Immune system
C. Gastrointestinal tract ✓
D. Respiratory system
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The highest temperature at which a microorganism can grow is its:

A. Optimal growth temperature
B. Minimum growth temperature
C. Maximum growth temperature ✓
D. Thermal death point
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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