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Microbiology

120 questions found

Practice Questions

A patient develops a rash and fever. The nurse suspects a fungal infection. Fungal infections are often characterized by:

A. Rapid onset and high fever.
B. Slow progression and chronic nature. ✓
C. Clear, watery discharge.
D. Hemorrhagic lesions.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is educating a patient about preventing the spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the home. Key measures include:

A. Sharing towels and personal items.
B. Frequent handwashing and avoiding sharing personal items. ✓
C. Disinfecting surfaces with plain water.
D. Taking antibiotics for any minor cut.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with C. difficile infection is placed in contact precautions. This means the nurse must:

A. Wear a surgical mask only.
B. Wear a gown and gloves upon entering the room. ✓
C. Place the patient in a negative pressure room.
D. Limit visitors to the patient.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The period after exposure to a pathogen but before the appearance of first symptoms is known as the:

A. Prodromal period
B. Incubation period ✓
C. Illness period
D. Convalescence period
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is teaching about standard precautions. Standard precautions apply to:

A. Only patients with diagnosed infections.
B. Only patients suspected of having an infection.
C. All patients, regardless of their diagnosis. ✓
D. Only patients in isolation.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient receives antibodies from a donor. This type of immunity is called:

A. Active immunity
B. Passive immunity ✓
C. Innate immunity
D. Cellular immunity
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The most common portal of entry for respiratory pathogens is the:

A. Skin
B. Gastrointestinal tract
C. Respiratory tract ✓
D. Urogenital tract
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is explaining the role of normal flora. These microorganisms help to:

A. Cause disease in healthy individuals.
B. Produce toxins that harm the host.
C. Compete with pathogens for nutrients and attachment sites. ✓
D. Weaken the immune system.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient is infected with a bacterium that produces an exotoxin. Exotoxins are typically:

A. Components of the bacterial cell wall.
B. Proteins secreted by living bacteria. ✓
C. Released upon bacterial cell lysis.
D. Heat-stable.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The study of fungi is called:

A. Bacteriology
B. Virology
C. Mycology ✓
D. Parasitology
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is caring for a patient with C. difficile. Proper room cleaning and disinfection are critical because C. difficile spores can:

A. Only survive on living tissue.
B. Survive on environmental surfaces for extended periods. ✓
C. Be easily eliminated with alcohol-based hand rubs.
D. Not be transmitted through indirect contact.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The immune cells primarily responsible for phagocytosis of pathogens are:

A. Lymphocytes
B. Erythrocytes
C. Thrombocytes
D. Macrophages and neutrophils ✓
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The type of immune cell that directly kills infected cells or cancer cells is the:

A. B-cell
B. Helper T-cell
C. Cytotoxic T-cell ✓
D. Macrophage
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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