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Microbiology

120 questions found

Practice Questions

A patient develops a rash and fever. The nurse suspects a fungal infection. Fungal infections are often characterized by:

A. Rapid onset and high fever.
B. Slow progression and chronic nature.
C. Clear, watery discharge.
D. Hemorrhagic lesions.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is educating a patient about preventing the spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the home. Key measures include:

A. Sharing towels and personal items.
B. Frequent handwashing and avoiding sharing personal items.
C. Disinfecting surfaces with plain water.
D. Taking antibiotics for any minor cut.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with C. difficile infection is placed in contact precautions. This means the nurse must:

A. Wear a surgical mask only.
B. Wear a gown and gloves upon entering the room.
C. Place the patient in a negative pressure room.
D. Limit visitors to the patient.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The period after exposure to a pathogen but before the appearance of first symptoms is known as the:

A. Prodromal period
B. Incubation period
C. Illness period
D. Convalescence period
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is teaching about standard precautions. Standard precautions apply to:

A. Only patients with diagnosed infections.
B. Only patients suspected of having an infection.
C. All patients, regardless of their diagnosis.
D. Only patients in isolation.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient receives antibodies from a donor. This type of immunity is called:

A. Active immunity
B. Passive immunity
C. Innate immunity
D. Cellular immunity
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The most common portal of entry for respiratory pathogens is the:

A. Skin
B. Gastrointestinal tract
C. Respiratory tract
D. Urogenital tract
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is explaining the role of normal flora. These microorganisms help to:

A. Cause disease in healthy individuals.
B. Produce toxins that harm the host.
C. Compete with pathogens for nutrients and attachment sites.
D. Weaken the immune system.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient is infected with a bacterium that produces an exotoxin. Exotoxins are typically:

A. Components of the bacterial cell wall.
B. Proteins secreted by living bacteria.
C. Released upon bacterial cell lysis.
D. Heat-stable.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The study of fungi is called:

A. Bacteriology
B. Virology
C. Mycology
D. Parasitology
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is caring for a patient with C. difficile. Proper room cleaning and disinfection are critical because C. difficile spores can:

A. Only survive on living tissue.
B. Survive on environmental surfaces for extended periods.
C. Be easily eliminated with alcohol-based hand rubs.
D. Not be transmitted through indirect contact.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The immune cells primarily responsible for phagocytosis of pathogens are:

A. Lymphocytes
B. Erythrocytes
C. Thrombocytes
D. Macrophages and neutrophils
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The type of immune cell that directly kills infected cells or cancer cells is the:

A. B-cell
B. Helper T-cell
C. Cytotoxic T-cell
D. Macrophage
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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