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Pharmacology-I

251 questions found

Practice Questions

120. A patient is prescribed a bulk-forming laxative (e.g., psyllium). The nurse should instruct the patient to take this medication with:

A. A small amount of fluid to concentrate it.
B. A large glass of water or juice.
C. Hot tea only.
D. A full meal for best effect.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

106. A nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure who is prescribed both an ACE inhibitor and an ARB (Angiotensin Receptor Blocker). The nurse should question this combination due to an increased risk of:

A. Hypotension and hyperkalemia
B. Hypertension and hypokalemia
C. Bradycardia and fluid retention
D. Tachycardia and hypocalcemia
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

107. A patient is prescribed spironolactone for ascites. The nurse understands that this diuretic helps by:

A. Increasing glomerular filtration rate
B. Directly blocking aldosterone receptors
C. Inhibiting sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter
D. Promoting calcium excretion
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

93. A nurse is administering a beta-blocker to a patient. Before administration, the nurse must assess the patient’s:

A. Blood glucose level
B. Lung sounds
C. Apical pulse and blood pressure
D. Pain level
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

94. A patient is prescribed enalapril. The nurse explains that this medication works by:

A. Blocking calcium channels
B. Inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
C. Directly relaxing vascular smooth muscle
D. Increasing fluid excretion
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

95. A nurse is reviewing a patient’s medication chart and notes a stat order for atropine. The nurse anticipates administering atropine for which cardiovascular emergency?

A. Ventricular tachycardia
B. Sinus bradycardia
C. Atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response
D. Hypertensive crisis
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

97. A nurse is teaching a patient about using a nebulizer for bronchodilator administration. Which instruction is correct?

A. Breathe rapidly and shallowly during treatment.
B. Hold the medication in the nebulizer cup until symptoms worsen.
C. Sit upright and breathe slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece.
D. Discontinue treatment once the mist stops.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

98. A diabetic patient is prescribed an oral hypoglycemic, glyburide. The nurse understands that this medication works by:

A. Decreasing glucose absorption from the gut
B. Increasing insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues
C. Stimulating insulin secretion from the pancreas
D. Reducing hepatic glucose production
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

99. A patient is prescribed a long-acting insulin, insulin glargine. The nurse should instruct the patient that this insulin is typically administered:

A. Before each meal
B. Once daily at bedtime or in the morning, at the same time each day
C. Only when blood glucose is very high
D. As a sliding scale for rapid corrections
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

86. A patient receiving chemotherapy is experiencing thrombocytopenia. The nurse should prioritize which intervention?

A. Encourage vigorous exercise.
B. Administer IV fluids rapidly.
C. Institute bleeding precautions.
D. Provide a high-fiber diet.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

87. A patient is prescribed filgrastim (a colony-stimulating factor) during chemotherapy. The nurse explains that this medication is given to:

A. Reduce nausea and vomiting.
B. Stimulate red blood cell production.
C. Increase white blood cell count.
D. Alleviate pain.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

88. A patient is experiencing severe constipation and the physician orders lactulose. The nurse understands this medication works by:

A. Directly stimulating intestinal smooth muscle.
B. Softening stool by increasing water content in the bowel.
C. Providing bulk to the stool.
D. Inhibiting fluid absorption from the bowel.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

89. A nurse is preparing to administer a rectal suppository. After inserting the suppository, the nurse should instruct the patient to:

A. Immediately ambulate to promote absorption.
B. Bear down to expel the suppository.
C. Remain supine for 15-20 minutes.
D. Eat a meal to enhance absorption.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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