BS Nursing Pathophysiology-II
nmdcat.online June 6, 2026

169. A patient with chronic heart failure has developed an S3 gallop. What is the technical primary pathophysiological meaning of this heart sound?

A. Atrial contraction against a stiff ventricle.
B. Rapid ventricular filling in a dilated and failing ventricle.
C. Valvular stenosis.
D. Pericardial friction rub.

📖 Additional Information

  • Atrial contraction against a stiff ventricle.
  • Rapid ventricular filling in a dilated and failing ventricle.
  • Valvular stenosis.
  • Pericardial friction rub.

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