Human skeleton

Correct: Articular cartilage cushions joints and reduces friction during movement. A: Synovial membrane produces synovial fluid. C: Bone stores calcium. D: Tendons connect muscles to bones. Concept: Function of articular cartilage.

Correct: Children's bones contain more cartilage and collagen, making them more flexible. A & C: These increase rigidity. D: Osteoblast activity is actually higher during growth. Concept: Age-related differences in bone composition.

Correct: Chondrocytes, lacunae, an avascular nature, and a flexible matrix are characteristic features of cartilage. A & B: Bone contains osteocytes and blood vessels. D: Tendons consist mainly of dense connective tissue with fibroblasts. Concept: Identification and characteristics of cartilage.

Correct: Bone combines hardness from mineral salts with strength from collagen fibers. A: Bone is not highly elastic. C: Chondrin is characteristic of cartilage. D: Bone contains living cells. Concept: Structure-function relationship of bone.

Correct: The epiphyseal plate is responsible for longitudinal bone growth. Early closure prevents further increase in bone length. A: Thickness growth continues through periosteum. C & D: These are unrelated. Concept: Growth of long bones.

Correct: Osteoblasts build bone, while osteoclasts resorb bone, maintaining bone homeostasis. A, C & D: These cell pairs do not perform bone remodeling together. Concept: Bone remodeling.

Correct: Blood vessels and osteoblasts enable efficient repair of bone. A: Chondrin is found in cartilage. C: Bone has abundant matrix. D: Flexibility is greater in cartilage. Concept: Bone healing.

Correct: Decalcified bone becomes flexible because collagen remains, similar to cartilage. A & D: Mineral content is low in decalcified bone and cartilage. C: Haversian canals occur only in bone. Concept: Mechanical properties of connective tissues.

Correct: Haversian systems are unique to compact bone. A: Both tissues contain cells in lacunae. B & D: Both possess extracellular matrix and collagen. Concept: Histological comparison.

Correct: Compact bone consists of osteons with concentric lamellae around Haversian canals. A, B & D: Cartilage lacks osteons and Haversian canals. Concept: Histology of compact bone.

Correct: Loss of articular cartilage increases friction, causing pain and restricted movement. A: Bone marrow production is unrelated. C: Calcium storage is unaffected. D: Bone flexibility does not increase. Concept: Function of articular cartilage.

Correct: Osteoclasts resorb bone; excessive activity weakens bones. A: Bone density decreases. C: Osteoclasts do not form cartilage. D: Muscle strength is unrelated. Concept: Bone remodeling.

Correct: Bone contains abundant calcium salts that provide rigidity. A: Both tissues contain collagen. C: Osteocytes are bone cells. D: Cartilage has a well-developed matrix. Concept: Mechanical properties of bone and cartilage.

Correct: Both tissues are connective tissues with cells embedded in a matrix. A: Only bone has Haversian canals. B: Cartilage is avascular. D: Elastic fibers are mainly found in elastic cartilage. Concept: Comparison of connective tissues.

Correct: Collagen provides tensile strength and flexibility. Without it, bone becomes brittle. A: Rigidity depends mainly on minerals. C: Minerals are stored in the matrix. D: Osteons are structural units, not formed by collagen alone. Concept: Organic matrix of bone.

Correct: Most embryonic bones develop from cartilage through endochondral ossification. A: Bone is harder than cartilage. C: Cartilage contains fewer mineral salts. D: Most cartilage is replaced by bone before adulthood. Concept: Embryonic skeletal development and ossification.

Correct: Cartilage is avascular, so nutrients diffuse through the matrix from surrounding tissues. A & C: These are features of bone, not cartilage. D: Periosteum surrounds bone, not cartilage. Concept: Nutrition of cartilage.

Correct: Ossification is the formation of bone tissue from cartilage. A & D: Calcification and mineralization are parts of ossification but not the complete process. C: Resorption refers to bone breakdown. Concept: Bone development.

Correct: Cartilage contains chondrocytes in lacunae and lacks Haversian systems. A & B: These are features of compact bone. D: Cartilage is avascular. Concept: Microscopic comparison of cartilage and bone.