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BS Nursing Pathophysiology
nmdcat.online June 6, 2026

In the process of carcinogenesis, “initiation” refers to:

A. The rapid proliferation of genetically altered cells.
B. The irreversible genetic alteration of a cell by a carcinogen.
✓
C. The spread of cancer cells to distant sites.
D. The formation of a visible tumor.

📖 Additional Information

  • The rapid proliferation of genetically altered cells.
  • The irreversible genetic alteration of a cell by a carcinogen.
  • The spread of cancer cells to distant sites.
  • The formation of a visible tumor.

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