MCQs

6530 questions found

Practice Questions

A patient with a genetic disorder has a mutated gene that leads to a deficiency in a lysosomal enzyme, causing accumulation of waste products in cells. This is an example of a:

A. Mitochondrial disorder.
B. Storage disorder.
C. Chromosomal abnormality.
D. Multifactorial disorder.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with severe trauma develops hemorrhagic shock. The primary compensatory mechanism involves:

A. Decreased heart rate.
B. Vasodilation.
C. Increased systemic vascular resistance and heart rate.
D. Increased urine output.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has a reduced FEV1/FVC ratio. This indicates:

A. Restrictive lung disease.
B. Obstructive lung disease.
C. Normal lung function.
D. Increased lung volume.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a large abdominal wound that heals by “secondary intention” will likely experience:

A. Minimal scarring.
B. Significant granulation tissue formation and scarring.
C. Rapid closure with sutures.
D. No tissue loss.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a Type IV hypersensitivity reaction (e.g., contact dermatitis) exhibits a delayed response. This delay is due to the time required for:

A. Antibody production.
B. Immune complex formation.
C. T-cell sensitization and migration.
D. Mast cell degranulation.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with chronic heart failure has compensatory mechanisms that include activation of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS). This leads to:

A. Vasodilation and decreased fluid retention.
B. Vasoconstriction and fluid retention.
C. Decreased heart rate.
D. Increased myocardial contractility.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with uncontrolled hypertension develops target organ damage. This is primarily due to:

A. Hypovolemia.
B. Persistent high pressure damaging blood vessels and organs.
C. Low blood glucose levels.
D. Enhanced renal function.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a head injury develops central diabetes insipidus. This is due to a deficiency in which hormone?

A. ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone).
B. Aldosterone.
C. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
D. Cortisol.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a chronic inflammatory condition (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis) experiences morning stiffness that lasts for hours. This is a characteristic of:

A. Acute inflammation.
B. Chronic inflammation.
C. Resolution of inflammation.
D. Regeneration.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with iron deficiency anemia has fatigue and pallor due to:

A. Decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
B. Increased white blood cell count.
C. Elevated platelet count.
D. Fluid retention.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with Graves’ disease (hyperthyroidism) experiences symptoms like weight loss, tachycardia, and heat intolerance. This is caused by:

A. Decreased thyroid hormone production.
B. Autoimmune stimulation of thyroid hormone production.
C. Increased TSH levels.
D. Hypothalamic dysfunction.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with acute myocardial infarction develops cardiac enzymes (troponin, CK-MB) in the bloodstream. These enzymes are released due to:

A. Normal cardiac function.
B. Myocardial cell necrosis.
C. Increased heart rate.
D. Decreased blood pressure.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a genetic predisposition and environmental triggers develops Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. This is an example of which type of inheritance pattern?

A. Single gene disorder.
B. Chromosomal abnormality.
C. Multifactorial inheritance.
D. Mitochondrial inheritance.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with severe respiratory depression due to opioid overdose develops respiratory acidosis. The primary physiological response to compensate for this is:

A. Hyperventilation.
B. Renal retention of bicarbonate.
C. Renal excretion of hydrogen ions.
D. Increased carbon dioxide excretion by the lungs.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a history of alcohol abuse presents with severe liver damage and bleeding esophageal varices. The bleeding is primarily due to:

A. Portal hypertension.
B. Decreased gastric acid.
C. Increased platelet count.
D. Enhanced clotting factors.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The nurse explains that benign tumors are typically differentiated, meaning they:

A. Resemble the cells of origin.
B. Are highly disorganized.
C. Grow rapidly.
D. Metastasize easily.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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