MCQs

11212 questions found

Practice Questions

The process by which bacteria transfer genetic material through direct cell-to-cell contact is called:

A. Transformation
B. Transduction
C. Conjugation
D. Replication
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is reviewing a patient’s lab results, which show a high white blood cell count and elevated C-reactive protein. These findings are indicators of:

A. A viral infection only.
B. A bacterial infection only.
C. An inflammatory response, which can be due to infection.
D. An autoimmune disease.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The normal microbiota residing on and within the human body:

A. Always cause disease.
B. Are entirely pathogenic.
C. Can be beneficial and protect against pathogens.
D. Are sterile and do not contain any microorganisms.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with tuberculosis is placed in airborne precautions. This is because Mycobacterium tuberculosis is primarily spread through:

A. Direct contact with contaminated surfaces.
B. Fecal-oral route.
C. Airborne droplets that remain suspended in the air.
D. Vector-borne transmission.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is preparing a sterile field. The critical principle to remember when working with a sterile field is that:

A. Only the edges of the field are considered sterile.
B. Anything that touches the sterile field and is not sterile is considered contaminated.
C. Surgical masks are not necessary when working with a sterile field.
D. Sterile fields can be prepared hours in advance.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient is infected with a protozoan parasite, such as Giardia. Protozoa are:

A. Unicellular fungi.
B. Multicellular worms.
C. Single-celled eukaryotic microorganisms.
D. Non-living infectious agents.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient is prescribed an antibiotic that targets the bacterial cell wall. This mechanism of action is effective because human cells:

A. Also have cell walls that are affected.
B. Have a different type of cell wall.
C. Lack a cell wall.
D. Have a cell membrane that is resistant to the antibiotic.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A microorganism that lacks a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles is classified as a:

A. Eukaryote
B. Prokaryote
C. Virus
D. Fungus
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with pneumonia is coughing and sneezing. This mode of transmission for microorganisms is considered:

A. Direct contact
B. Indirect contact
C. Droplet transmission
D. Airborne transmission
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient has a localized skin infection with pus formation. This indicates the presence of bacteria that are typically:

A. Gram-negative rods
B. Acid-fast bacilli
C. Gram-positive cocci
D. Spirochetes
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is preparing to clean a medical instrument. Disinfection is a process that:

A. Eliminates all forms of microbial life.
B. Reduces the number of pathogenic microorganisms on inanimate objects.
C. Renders an object free of all microorganisms.
D. Inactivates bacterial spores.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient is diagnosed with Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). To prevent its spread, the nurse knows that alcohol-based hand rubs are ineffective against C. difficile spores. Therefore, the most appropriate hand hygiene method is:

A. Using an alcohol-based hand rub for extended time.
B. Washing hands thoroughly with soap and water.
C. Using antiseptic wipes only.
D. Wearing double gloves.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is teaching a patient about antibiotic resistance. The nurse explains that bacteria can develop resistance through various mechanisms, including:

A. Developing a thicker cell wall that prevents antibiotic entry.
B. Altering the antibiotic's target site.
C. Producing enzymes that inactivate the antibiotic.
D. All of the above.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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