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Practice Questions

52. A nurse is administering diltiazem to a patient with atrial fibrillation. The nurse should expect this calcium channel blocker to achieve which therapeutic effect?

A. Increase blood pressure
B. Increase heart rate
C. Slow ventricular response rate
D. Cause peripheral edema
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

51. A patient with a history of heart failure is prescribed ramipril. The nurse understands that this ACE inhibitor helps to:

A. Increase sodium and water retention
B. Promote vasoconstriction
C. Improve cardiac output by reducing afterload
D. Increase heart rate
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

49. A patient is prescribed a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) for GERD. The nurse should teach the patient that this medication works by:

A. Neutralizing stomach acid directly
B. Coating the stomach lining
C. Reducing stomach acid production
D. Increasing gastric motility
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

46. A patient is receiving chemotherapy and develops stomatitis. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate?

A. Administer a strong mouthwash after meals.
B. Offer hot and spicy foods to stimulate appetite.
C. Provide soft, bland foods and encourage frequent oral hygiene with saline rinses.
D. Discourage fluid intake to minimize discomfort.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

42. A nurse is providing discharge instructions for a patient with diabetes starting on glipizide (a sulfonylurea). Which instruction is paramount to prevent hypoglycemia?

A. Increase carbohydrate intake at bedtime.
B. Skip meals if blood glucose is high.
C. Consume alcohol in moderation.
D. Recognize signs of hypoglycemia and carry a fast-acting sugar source.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

40. A nurse is monitoring a patient receiving continuous IV heparin infusion. Which laboratory test is most crucial for the nurse to assess regularly to ensure therapeutic dosing?

A. PT (Prothrombin Time)
B. INR (International Normalized Ratio)
C. aPTT (activated Partial Thromboplastin Time)
D. Platelet count
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

39. A patient is on metoprolol for angina. The nurse explains that this medication works by:

A. Dilating coronary arteries
B. Increasing heart rate and contractility
C. Decreasing myocardial oxygen demand by slowing heart rate
D. Preventing platelet aggregation
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

38. A patient with chronic hypertension is prescribed lisinopril. Which nursing implication is most relevant for patient education regarding the first dose?

A. Take with food to avoid stomach upset.
B. Monitor for persistent dry cough.
C. Rise slowly from a sitting or lying position.
D. Expect a sudden drop in blood pressure.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

37. A nurse is teaching a patient about drug adverse effects versus side effects. Which statement accurately differentiates the two?

A. "Side effects are always harmful, while adverse effects are not."
B. "Adverse effects are unintended, undesirable, and potentially harmful drug effects, while side effects are often expected and manageable."
C. "Both terms refer to the same thing and can be used interchangeably."
D. "Side effects require immediate discontinuation of the drug, unlike adverse effects."
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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