MCQs

6530 questions found

Practice Questions

151. A patient with severe sepsis is receiving continuous infusion of broad-spectrum antibiotics. The nurse observes the patient’s white blood cell count is decreasing but the patient’s lactate level is still elevated. What is the critical clinical implication?

A. Patient is recovering well
B. Persistent tissue hypoperfusion or ongoing infection, requiring further assessment
C. Lactate is falsely elevated
D. Patient needs more fluid
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

147. A patient with a severe traumatic brain injury has an ICP of 20 mmHg. The nurse observes new onset of decerebrate posturing. What clinical implication is urgent?

A. Patient is restless
B. Severe brainstem dysfunction and poor prognosis
C. Patient is comfortable
D. Patient is recovering
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

146. A nurse is managing a patient with an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP). The nurse observes the IABP balloon is augmenting too late on the arterial waveform. What is the technical implication of this timing error?

A. Decreased afterload reduction
B. Suboptimal diastolic augmentation and decreased coronary artery perfusion
C. Increased preload
D. Increased heart rate
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

145. A patient with acute kidney injury is receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). The nurse observes the patient is becoming hypotensive. What critical nursing action?

A. Increase the CRRT blood flow
B. Assess for hypovolemia or bleeding, decrease CRRT fluid removal rate, or administer fluids/blood products as ordered
C. Stop CRRT without orders
D. Increase the CRRT fluid removal rate
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

144. A patient in septic shock is receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics. The nurse observes the patient’s WBC count is still elevated and trending upwards. What medicinal implication is critical?

A. Antibiotics are working
B. Inadequate antibiotic coverage or persistent source of infection, requiring further investigation
C. WBC is falsely elevated
D. Patient needs more fluid
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

143. A patient with severe respiratory failure is on mechanical ventilation and is becoming increasingly hypoxemic despite increasing oxygen. What urgent intervention might be considered?

A. Administer more sedation
B. Optimize ventilator settings (e.g., increase PEEP, adjust I:E ratio), consider proning, or ECMO
C. Disconnect from ventilator
D. Administer a diuretic
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

142. A nurse is caring for a patient with a central venous catheter (CVC). What is the critical technical consideration for preventing air embolism during CVC removal?

A. Remove rapidly
B. Place patient in Trendelenburg position, instruct to bear down (Valsalva), and apply occlusive dressing immediately after removal
C. Remove without dressing
D. Remove while patient is coughing
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

141. A patient in the ICU develops sudden onset of severe abdominal pain, distension, and absent bowel sounds. What clinical emergency is suspected?

A. Appendicitis
B. Ileus or bowel obstruction/perforation
C. Cholecystitis
D. Pancreatitis
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

139. A patient with a severe gastrointestinal hemorrhage is actively bleeding and hypotensive. What is the most urgent initial nursing intervention?

A. Administer oral antacids
B. Establish large-bore IV access, administer IV fluids/blood products, and prepare for endoscopy
C. Administer a diuretic
D. Offer a light meal
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

138. A patient is receiving a continuous infusion of insulin for DKA. The nurse observes the patient’s blood glucose is 80 mg/dL, but acidosis persists. What medicinal adjustment is anticipated?

A. Stop insulin drip
B. Continue insulin drip at a lower rate, and add dextrose to IV fluids to allow continued acidosis resolution
C. Increase insulin drip rate
D. Administer oral glucose
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

136. A nurse is preparing to transfer a critically ill patient from the ICU to another unit. What is the critical technical consideration for safe patient transfer?

A. Disconnect all lines
B. Ensure all critical infusions and equipment are securely transported, and communicate patient status/needs to receiving unit
C. Transfer without monitoring
D. Transfer without communication
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

135. A patient with severe burns develops progressive hypotension, tachycardia, and decreased urine output. What urgent intervention is needed?

A. Administer a diuretic
B. Aggressive fluid resuscitation with crystalloids and colloids
C. Administer antibiotics
D. Administer a vasoconstrictor
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

134. A patient with acute kidney injury is receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). The nurse observes the patient’s serum sodium is rising rapidly. What medicinal adjustment might be made?

A. Increase sodium in replacement fluid
B. Adjust the sodium concentration in the CRRT replacement fluid to prevent hypernatremia
C. Decrease sodium in replacement fluid
D. Administer more fluid
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

133. A patient in septic shock is receiving continuous infusion of norepinephrine. The nurse observes increasing heart rate and arrhythmias. What clinical complication is potentially developing?

A. Fluid overload
B. Myocardial dysfunction or ischemia due to high vasopressor doses
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Hyperthermia
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

132. A nurse is performing a rapid neurological assessment on a patient with altered mental status. What is the critical component of the GCS assessment?

A. Patient's weight
B. Eye opening, verbal response, and motor response
C. Patient's favorite food
D. Patient's hobbies
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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