It is the reactant consumed first, stopping the reaction.
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During the reaction of 10 g of CaCO₃ with 10 g of HCl, the limiting reactant is
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For the reaction CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O, 16 g of methane and 64 g of oxygen are reacted. The mass of excess reactant left unreacted is