Practice Questions

58. A patient is on mechanical ventilation and receiving continuous enteral feedings. The gastric residual volume (GRV) is consistently high (e.g., >500 mL). What is the clinical concern?

A. Patient is absorbing nutrients well
B. Delayed gastric emptying and high risk of aspiration
C. Patient is dehydrated
D. Patient is hungry
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

57. A patient with a severe traumatic brain injury has an ICP of 20 mmHg. The nurse observes the patient is becoming increasingly agitated. What is the critical nursing action?

A. Increase environmental stimulation
B. Assess for pain, discomfort, or other causes of agitation, and administer analgesia/sedation as ordered to prevent further ICP elevation
C. Apply physical restraints immediately
D. Administer a diuretic
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

56. A patient is admitted to the ICU with severe rhabdomyolysis. The nurse observes dark, tea-colored urine and a rising creatinine level. What is the most urgent medicinal intervention?

A. Administer a diuretic
B. Aggressive intravenous fluid resuscitation to prevent acute kidney injury
C. Administer antibiotics
D. Administer a vasoconstrictor
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

55. A nurse is monitoring a patient on an arterial line. The patient’s mean arterial pressure (MAP) suddenly drops from 70 mmHg to 45 mmHg. What is the immediate nursing action?

A. Re-zero the transducer
B. Assess the patient's clinical status, check for bleeding/disconnection, and initiate rapid fluid bolus or vasopressor as ordered
C. Administer a diuretic
D. Calibrate the monitor
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

53. A patient with severe respiratory failure is unresponsive to conventional ventilation and has worsening hypoxemia. What urgent intervention might be considered as ordered by the physician?

A. Increase sedation only
B. Preparation for proning or ECMO
C. Discontinuation of ventilator
D. Administration of diuretics
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

52. A nurse is preparing to insert a nasogastric tube for a patient on mechanical ventilation. What is the critical technical consideration to prevent aspiration?

A. Insert tube rapidly
B. Elevate head of bed to 30-45 degrees, check tube placement before feeding, and administer prokinetics if ordered
C. Do not check placement
D. Administer feed immediately after insertion
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

50. A patient with severe heart failure is prescribed a continuous dobutamine infusion. The nurse observes increasing heart rate (from 80 to 130 bpm) and new onset chest pain. What medicinal concern is immediate?

A. Insufficient dobutamine dose
B. Dobutamine-induced tachycardia and myocardial ischemia, requiring physician notification and possible dose adjustment
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hypoglycemia
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

49. A patient is on continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and develops severe bleeding from the access site. What is the urgent nursing intervention?

A. Increase the blood flow rate
B. Apply direct pressure to the site, notify physician, and assess coagulation status
C. Administer more fluid
D. Stop CRRT without orders
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

48. A patient is experiencing asystole on the cardiac monitor. What is the immediate life-saving nursing intervention?

A. Defibrillation
B. Initiate CPR immediately and administer epinephrine as ordered
C. Synchronized cardioversion
D. Administer atropine
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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