Practice Questions

Q30. The primary difference between anaphora and cataphora is:

A. Meaning
B. Direction of reference ✓
C. Verb tense
D. Voice

Anaphora refers backward to an earlier noun, while cataphora refers forward to a noun introduced later.

nmdcat.online cataphoric and anaphoric reference
Jul 26, 2026

Q29. Though she was nervous, the captain delivered an inspiring speech. The pronoun she is an example of:

A. Anaphora
B. Cataphora ✓
C. Exophora
D. Reflexive reference

She comes before the captain, making it a cataphoric reference.

nmdcat.online cataphoric and anaphoric reference
Jul 26, 2026

Q28. Choose the best extraposed form of the sentence: To speak politely is important.

A. It is important to speak politely. ✓
B. This is important to speak politely.
C. There is important to speak politely.
D. Speaking politely is that important.

The extraposed form uses dummy it, followed by the infinitive clause.

nmdcat.online cataphoric and anaphoric reference
Jul 26, 2026

Q27. Which sentence contains a cataphoric pronoun?

A. The doctor treated the patient. She prescribed medicine.
B. Before he spoke, the chairman welcomed everyone. ✓
C. The boys played football. They were excited.
D. The book was interesting. It became popular.

He appears before its referent the chairman.

nmdcat.online cataphoric and anaphoric reference
Jul 26, 2026

Q26. It seems that the lecture has been postponed. This sentence contains:

A. Simple Anaphora
B. Extraposition with Cataphoric "it" ✓
C. Exophora
D. Reflexive reference

It is a dummy subject referring forward to the clause that the lecture has been postponed.

nmdcat.online cataphoric and anaphoric reference
Jul 26, 2026

Q25. Having misplaced them, the hikers searched everywhere for the maps. The pronoun them is:

A. Anaphora
B. Cataphora ✓
C. Exophora
D. Reflexive reference

Them refers forward to the maps, so it is cataphoric.

nmdcat.online cataphoric and anaphoric reference
Jul 26, 2026

This refers back to the new education policy, making it an anaphoric reference.

nmdcat.online cataphoric and anaphoric reference
Jul 26, 2026

Q23. Ali and Bilal arrived late. He apologized to the teacher. The pronoun He is:

A. Clear reference
B. Ambiguous reference ✓
C. Cataphoric reference
D. Dummy pronoun

He could refer to either Ali or Bilal, making the sentence unclear.

nmdcat.online cataphoric and anaphoric reference
Jul 26, 2026

Q22. The students submitted their assignments, and the teacher graded it. What is the error?

A. Wrong pronoun agreement ✓
B. Wrong tense
C. Ambiguous reference
D. No error

Assignments is plural, so the correct pronoun should be them, not it.

nmdcat.online cataphoric and anaphoric reference
Jul 26, 2026

Q21. After he left, Ahmed realized he had forgotten his wallet. The reference of he is:

A. Correct Anaphora
B. Correct Cataphora ✓
C. Incorrect Reference
D. Exophora

He appears before Ahmed, so it is a correct cataphoric reference.

nmdcat.online cataphoric and anaphoric reference
Jul 26, 2026
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