Practice Questions

nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a history of smoking develops metaplasia in the bronchial epithelium. This is a reversible change where:

A. Cells decrease in size.
B. Cells increase in number.
C. One mature cell type is replaced by another mature cell type.
D. Cells become disorganized and abnormal.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient develops an abscess after a bacterial infection. The type of necrosis characterized by enzymatic lysis of cells and formation of pus is:

A. Coagulative necrosis.
B. Liquefactive necrosis.
C. Caseous necrosis.
D. Fat necrosis.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with chronic stress may experience impaired wound healing due to the prolonged effects of:

A. Insulin.
B. Cortisol.
C. Growth hormone.
D. Estrogen.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with hypoparathyroidism develops hypocalcemia. This is characterized by:

A. Bone pain and kidney stones.
B. Muscle weakness and lethargy.
C. Tetany, muscle spasms, and positive Chvostek's sign.
D. Constipation.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with an X-linked recessive disorder typically passes the trait from:

A. Father to son.
B. Mother to daughter.
C. Affected mother to all children.
D. Carrier mother to affected son.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a severe bacterial infection develops a widespread rash. This is an example of which type of immune response?

A. Localized inflammation.
B. Systemic manifestation of inflammation.
C. Cellular adaptation.
D. Genetic defect.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus develops microvascular complications, such as retinopathy and nephropathy. These complications are primarily due to:

A. Acute hyperglycemia.
B. Damage to small blood vessels by chronic hyperglycemia.
C. Hypoglycemia.
D. Protein deficiency.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a chronic wound experiences wound contraction. This process is mediated by:

A. Fibroblasts only.
B. Myofibroblasts.
C. Macrophages.
D. Epithelial cells.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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