Practice Questions

The reaction mechanism of lysozyme involves the distortion of a sugar ring into a strained “sofa” conformation. This illustrates the catalytic strategy of

A. Providing a macroenvironment that neutralizes all charges on the substrate
B. Using covalent catalysis to form a stable enzyme substrate intermediate
C. Preferentially binding and stabilizing the transition state of the reaction
D. Lowering the pH of the bulk solution to non specifically hydrolyze the substrate
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Jul 11, 2026

Amino acid residues that directly participate in bond making and bond breaking are called

A. Structural residues
B. Catalytic residues
C. Binding residues
D. Regulatory residues
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Jul 11, 2026

An amino acid residue acting as a proton donor performs the role of

A. Nucleophilic catalyst
B. Metal ion cofactor
C. General acid catalyst
D. Allosteric modulator
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Jul 11, 2026

The specific region where substrate binds and catalysis occurs is the

A. Allosteric site
B. Active site
C. Coenzyme binding domain
D. Signal sequence
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During catalysis by hexokinase, glucose binding causes enzyme lobes to close around the substrate. This supports the

A. Lock and key model
B. Allosteric regulation
C. Induced fit model
D. Covalent catalysis
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Jul 11, 2026

The induced fit model proposed by Daniel Koshland suggests that the active site

A. Is permanently complementary to the product
B. Undergoes conformational change upon substrate binding
C. Is always rigid
D. Is located on a separate regulatory subunit
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A key limitation of the lock and key model is its inability to explain

A. High substrate specificity
B. Dependence of reaction rate on substrate concentration
C. Ability of the enzyme to stabilize the transition state
D. Formation of enzyme substrate complex
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The lock and key model, proposed by Emil Fischer, describes enzyme substrate interaction as

A. A flexible active site
B. A rigid, pre shaped active site complementary to the substrate
C. Random collision followed by substrate change
D. Substrate changes enzyme primary structure
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Jul 11, 2026

The binding of a substrate to an enzyme’s active site is predominantly mediated by

A. Strong, irreversible covalent bonds
B. Weak, non covalent interactions that allow transient and reversible binding
C. Permanent dipole moments
D. Hydrophobic forces excluding all water
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Jul 11, 2026

The mechanism of enzyme action fundamentally depends on the enzyme’s ability to

A. Increase the kinetic energy of all molecules in the reaction mixture
B. Provide a surface with a specific shape and chemical groups for the substrate
C. Alter the standard free energy change to make the reaction exergonic
D. Combine permanently with the product to shift the equilibrium forward
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Jul 11, 2026
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