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Practice Questions

The enzyme responsible for breaking down starch into smaller sugar molecules in the digestive tract is:

A. Lipase
B. Protease
C. Amylase ✓
D. Nuclease
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with hypercholesterolemia needs to understand the role of cholesterol. Cholesterol is an important lipid that serves as a precursor for:

A. Amino acids
B. Glucose
C. Steroid hormones and vitamin D ✓
D. Fatty acids
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

The process by which genetic information from a DNA strand is copied into an RNA molecule is known as:

A. Translation
B. Replication
C. Transcription ✓
D. Reverse transcription
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

A cell membrane is described as a “fluid mosaic.” This model highlights that the membrane is primarily composed of:

A. Rigid carbohydrate layers
B. A static protein scaffold
C. A fluid bilayer of phospholipids with embedded proteins ✓
D. A rigid cholesterol monolayer
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

A patient is experiencing severe metabolic alkalosis. To counteract this, the body might try to retain more carbon dioxide by:

A. Increasing respiratory rate.
B. Decreasing respiratory rate. ✓
C. Increasing bicarbonate excretion.
D. Increasing hydrogen ion excretion.
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

A geneticist is studying a mutation that affects the sequence of amino acids in a protein. This change directly alters the protein’s:

A. Primary structure ✓
B. Secondary structure
C. Tertiary structure
D. Quaternary structure
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

A protein loses its specific three-dimensional structure and function due to extreme changes in temperature or pH. This process is called:

A. Hydrolysis
B. Polymerization
C. Denaturation ✓
D. Renaturation
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

A person has been fasting for an extended period. The body needs to maintain blood glucose levels for brain function. The synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors (like amino acids and glycerol) is called:

A. Glycogenesis
B. Glycogenolysis
C. Gluconeogenesis ✓
D. Glycolysis
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

A biochemist is studying the properties of water. They note that water’s high specific heat capacity and ability to absorb significant amounts of heat without a large temperature change are due to:

A. Its nonpolar nature
B. The presence of ionic bonds
C. Extensive hydrogen bonding between water molecules ✓
D. Its low boiling point
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with severe liver disease has impaired ability to convert ammonia, a toxic byproduct of amino acid metabolism, into urea. This process is vital for detoxification and occurs in the:

A. Glycolysis pathway
B. Krebs Cycle
C. Urea Cycle ✓
D. Pentose Phosphate Pathway
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026
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