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BS Nursing

5385 questions found

Practice Questions

A patient with hypertension may develop renal artery stenosis. This can lead to activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, resulting in:

A. Decreased blood pressure.
B. Increased blood pressure and fluid retention. ✓
C. Vasodilation.
D. Decreased sodium reabsorption.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with chronic pancreatitis develops malabsorption. This is due to:

A. Increased stomach acid.
B. Impaired production of pancreatic enzymes for digestion. ✓
C. Excessive bile production.
D. Rapid intestinal motility.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient develops edema due to decreased lymphatic drainage. This type of edema is known as:

A. Pitting edema.
B. Non-pitting edema.
C. Lymphedema. ✓
D. Dependent edema.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a severe burn experiences generalized swelling and blistering, characteristic of which type of burn injury?

A. First-degree burn.
B. Second-degree burn (partial thickness). ✓
C. Third-degree burn (full thickness).
D. Fourth-degree burn.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The nurse explains that benign tumors are typically differentiated, meaning they:

A. Resemble the cells of origin. ✓
B. Are highly disorganized.
C. Grow rapidly.
D. Metastasize easily.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a history of alcohol abuse presents with severe liver damage and bleeding esophageal varices. The bleeding is primarily due to:

A. Portal hypertension. ✓
B. Decreased gastric acid.
C. Increased platelet count.
D. Enhanced clotting factors.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with severe respiratory depression due to opioid overdose develops respiratory acidosis. The primary physiological response to compensate for this is:

A. Hyperventilation.
B. Renal retention of bicarbonate. ✓
C. Renal excretion of hydrogen ions.
D. Increased carbon dioxide excretion by the lungs.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a genetic predisposition and environmental triggers develops Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. This is an example of which type of inheritance pattern?

A. Single gene disorder.
B. Chromosomal abnormality.
C. Multifactorial inheritance. ✓
D. Mitochondrial inheritance.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with an anaphylactic reaction experiences severe bronchoconstriction. This is primarily mediated by the release of:

A. Prostaglandins.
B. Histamine and leukotrienes. ✓
C. Complement proteins.
D. Antibodies.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with heart failure experiences dyspnea on exertion. The primary mechanism causing dyspnea in heart failure is:

A. Decreased oxygen demand.
B. Pulmonary congestion and impaired gas exchange. ✓
C. Bronchospasm.
D. Metabolic acidosis.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a chronic wound experiences wound contraction. This process is mediated by:

A. Fibroblasts only.
B. Myofibroblasts. ✓
C. Macrophages.
D. Epithelial cells.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus develops microvascular complications, such as retinopathy and nephropathy. These complications are primarily due to:

A. Acute hyperglycemia.
B. Damage to small blood vessels by chronic hyperglycemia. ✓
C. Hypoglycemia.
D. Protein deficiency.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a severe bacterial infection develops a widespread rash. This is an example of which type of immune response?

A. Localized inflammation.
B. Systemic manifestation of inflammation. ✓
C. Cellular adaptation.
D. Genetic defect.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with an X-linked recessive disorder typically passes the trait from:

A. Father to son.
B. Mother to daughter.
C. Affected mother to all children.
D. Carrier mother to affected son. ✓
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with hypoparathyroidism develops hypocalcemia. This is characterized by:

A. Bone pain and kidney stones.
B. Muscle weakness and lethargy.
C. Tetany, muscle spasms, and positive Chvostek's sign. ✓
D. Constipation.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with chronic stress may experience impaired wound healing due to the prolonged effects of:

A. Insulin.
B. Cortisol. ✓
C. Growth hormone.
D. Estrogen.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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