MCQs

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Practice Questions

A patient is prescribed an antibiotic that targets the bacterial cell wall. This mechanism of action is effective because human cells:

A. Also have cell walls that are affected.
B. Have a different type of cell wall.
C. Lack a cell wall.
D. Have a cell membrane that is resistant to the antibiotic.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A microorganism that lacks a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles is classified as a:

A. Eukaryote
B. Prokaryote
C. Virus
D. Fungus
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with pneumonia is coughing and sneezing. This mode of transmission for microorganisms is considered:

A. Direct contact
B. Indirect contact
C. Droplet transmission
D. Airborne transmission
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient has a localized skin infection with pus formation. This indicates the presence of bacteria that are typically:

A. Gram-negative rods
B. Acid-fast bacilli
C. Gram-positive cocci
D. Spirochetes
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is preparing to clean a medical instrument. Disinfection is a process that:

A. Eliminates all forms of microbial life.
B. Reduces the number of pathogenic microorganisms on inanimate objects.
C. Renders an object free of all microorganisms.
D. Inactivates bacterial spores.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient is diagnosed with Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). To prevent its spread, the nurse knows that alcohol-based hand rubs are ineffective against C. difficile spores. Therefore, the most appropriate hand hygiene method is:

A. Using an alcohol-based hand rub for extended time.
B. Washing hands thoroughly with soap and water.
C. Using antiseptic wipes only.
D. Wearing double gloves.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is teaching a patient about antibiotic resistance. The nurse explains that bacteria can develop resistance through various mechanisms, including:

A. Developing a thicker cell wall that prevents antibiotic entry.
B. Altering the antibiotic's target site.
C. Producing enzymes that inactivate the antibiotic.
D. All of the above.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is caring for a patient with a fungal skin infection. Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that obtain nutrients by:

A. Photosynthesis
B. Phagocytosis
C. Absorption
D. Chemosynthesis
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient develops a urinary tract infection after prolonged catheterization. This type of infection, acquired in a healthcare setting, is known as a:

A. Community-acquired infection
B. Opportunistic infection
C. Healthcare-associated infection (HAI)
D. Localized infection
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A sterile dressing change is being performed. Sterilization is the process of:

A. Reducing the number of microorganisms on living tissue.
B. Eliminating all microorganisms, including spores.
C. Reducing the number of microorganisms on inanimate objects.
D. Inhibiting the growth of microorganisms.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is educating a patient about preventing the spread of the common cold, which is caused by a virus. Viruses are unique microorganisms because they:

A. Are single-celled organisms that can reproduce independently.
B. Possess both DNA and RNA simultaneously.
C. Require a living host cell for replication.
D. Are easily treated with standard antibiotics.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a patient. To prevent healthcare-associated infections, the nurse must perform hand hygiene. The most effective method for routine hand hygiene in a clinical setting is:

A. Washing hands with plain soap and water for 5 seconds.
B. Using alcohol-based hand rub if hands are not visibly soiled.
C. Rinsing hands under running water only.
D. Wiping hands with a dry cloth.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

What is the primary focus of “outcomes research” in nursing?

A. To describe nurses' experiences.
B. To evaluate the end results of patient care, interventions, or health services.
C. To develop new nursing theories.
D. To explore historical nursing events.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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