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Practice Questions

A non-competitive inhibitor of an enzyme will typically:

A. Bind to the active site.
B. Decrease the Km? of the reaction.
C. Decrease the Vmax? of the reaction without affecting Km?. ✓
D. Increase the Vmax? of the reaction.
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

The structure of DNA allows it to store and transmit genetic information. The information is encoded in the sequence of its:

A. Phosphate groups
B. Deoxyribose sugars
C. Nitrogenous bases ✓
D. Hydrogen bonds
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

A deficiency in Vitamin E can lead to oxidative damage to cell membranes. Vitamin E acts as a powerful:

A. Hormone
B. Coenzyme
C. Antioxidant ✓
D. Structural component
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

The process of synthesizing fatty acids from acetyl-CoA is known as:

A. Beta-oxidation
B. Lipogenesis ✓
C. Lipolysis
D. Ketogenesis
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with excessive bleeding has impaired platelet function. A certain lipid, a prostaglandin, plays a role in platelet aggregation and inflammation. This lipid is derived from:

A. Cholesterol
B. Fatty acids ✓
C. Glycerol
D. Amino acids
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

The nitrogenous base found in RNA but not in DNA is:

A. Adenine
B. Guanine
C. Cytosine
D. Uracil ✓
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

A solution with a pH of 8.0 is considered:

A. Acidic
B. Neutral
C. Basic (alkaline) ✓
D. Strongly acidic
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

The most abundant organic molecule in cells, crucial for structural support, catalysis, transport, and regulation, is:

A. Carbohydrates
B. Lipids
C. Proteins ✓
D. Nucleic acids
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with impaired fatty acid oxidation due to a genetic defect may have difficulty generating ATP from fats, leading to muscle weakness and fatigue, especially during fasting. This pathway is called:

A. Glycolysis
B. Beta-oxidation ✓
C. Lipogenesis
D. Ketogenesis
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

The Km value of an enzyme is a measure of its:

A. Maximum velocity
B. Catalytic efficiency
C. Affinity for its substrate ✓
D. Stability at different temperatures
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

A common polysaccharide found in plants that serves as the primary energy storage molecule for plants and is a major source of dietary carbohydrates for humans is:

A. Glycogen
B. Cellulose
C. Starch ✓
D. Chitin
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

The molecule that links the major catabolic pathways (like glycolysis, beta-oxidation) to the Krebs Cycle is:

A. Pyruvate
B. Lactate
C. Acetyl-CoA ✓
D. Glucose
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with liver cirrhosis has impaired ability to synthesize albumin. Albumin is a major plasma protein primarily responsible for maintaining:

A. Blood clotting
B. Oxygen transport
C. Osmotic pressure and fluid balance ✓
D. Immune response
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

A molecular biologist is examining the components of a ribosome. They identify a type of RNA that is a major structural and catalytic component of ribosomes, playing a crucial role in protein synthesis. This is:

A. mRNA
B. tRNA
C. rRNA ✓
D. siRNA
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

The process of glucose being broken down to pyruvate in the presence of oxygen, leading to further oxidation in the mitochondria, is the first step of:

A. Anaerobic respiration
B. Aerobic respiration ✓
C. Fermentation
D. Gluconeogenesis
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

A patient has a genetic condition affecting the synthesis of a vitamin, leading to symptoms of megaloblastic anemia. This condition often results from a deficiency in:

A. Vitamin C
B. Folic Acid ✓
C. Vitamin A
D. Vitamin D
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

A specific type of protein that functions by binding to specific molecules (ligands) to trigger a cellular response is a:

A. Enzyme
B. Structural protein
C. Receptor ✓
D. Transport protein
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

The overall process of all chemical reactions occurring in an organism, involving both anabolic and catabolic pathways, is known as:

A. Homeostasis
B. Metabolism ✓
C. Respiration
D. Digestion
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with symptoms of scurvy (bleeding gums, poor wound healing) is deficient in Vitamin C. Vitamin C is essential for the synthesis of:

A. Hemoglobin
B. Collagen ✓
C. DNA
D. Glycogen
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nmdcat.online Bio chemistry for nurses
Jun 6, 2026
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