MCQs

11262 questions found

Practice Questions

112. A nurse is managing a patient on an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP). The nurse observes the IABP balloon is augmenting too early on the arterial waveform. What is the technical implication of this timing error?

A. Increased coronary artery perfusion
B. Decreased cardiac output and increased afterload ✓
C. Decreased preload
D. Decreased heart rate
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

111. A patient with septic shock is receiving continuous infusion of norepinephrine. The nurse observes the patient’s lactate level is still trending upwards (e.g., 6 mmol/L). What is the critical clinical implication?

A. Patient is recovering
B. Persistent tissue hypoperfusion and ongoing shock despite vasopressor support ✓
C. Lactate is falsely elevated
D. Patient is receiving too much fluid
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

110. A patient in cardiac arrest is receiving epinephrine during CPR. What is the medicinal purpose of epinephrine in this situation?

A. To decrease heart rate
B. To increase myocardial contractility and peripheral vasoconstriction ✓
C. To dissolve clots
D. To sedate the patient
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

109. A patient with severe acute pancreatitis develops hypotension, tachycardia, and a large amount of third-spacing fluid. What is the critical nursing intervention?

A. Administer a diuretic
B. Aggressive intravenous fluid resuscitation to maintain circulating volume ✓
C. Administer antibiotics
D. Administer an antiemetic
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

108. A patient is admitted to the ICU with a severe drug overdose. The patient is unresponsive, bradypneic, and hypotensive. What is the most urgent initial nursing intervention?

A. Administer oral fluids
B. Secure the airway, support ventilation, and administer antidote if available (e.g., naloxone) ✓
C. Administer a diuretic
D. Call family members
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

107. A nurse is setting up a new cardiac monitor for a patient with a history of arrhythmias. What is the technical consideration for optimal ECG lead placement?

A. Place electrodes on bony prominences
B. Place electrodes on fleshy areas, avoiding bony prominences, and ensure good skin contact ✓
C. Place electrodes over joints
D. Place electrodes on hair-covered areas
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

106. A patient in critical care develops sudden onset of severe abdominal pain, rigid abdomen, and rebound tenderness. What clinical emergency is suspected?

A. Appendicitis
B. Perforation of a hollow organ or peritonitis ✓
C. Cholecystitis
D. Pancreatitis
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

105. A patient with a severe traumatic brain injury has an ICP of 20 mmHg. The physician orders hypertonic saline. What is the medicinal purpose of hypertonic saline in this situation?

A. To increase blood pressure
B. To reduce cerebral edema by drawing fluid out of the brain ✓
C. To increase urine output
D. To sedate the patient
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

104. A patient with acute kidney injury is receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). The nurse observes the patient’s blood pressure is trending downward. What is the immediate nursing action?

A. Increase the CRRT blood flow
B. Assess for hypovolemia or bleeding, and adjust CRRT fluid removal rate or administer fluids as ordered ✓
C. Decrease the CRRT fluid removal rate
D. Stop CRRT without orders
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

103. A patient with severe sepsis is receiving continuous infusion of vasopressors. The nurse observes new onset of cool, mottled extremities and decreased peripheral pulses. What is the critical nursing action?

A. Increase the vasopressor dose
B. Assess for signs of peripheral ischemia due to vasopressor effects, notify physician, and consider dose adjustment ✓
C. Apply warm compresses
D. Administer a diuretic
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

102. A nurse is troubleshooting a mechanical ventilator alarm “low pressure.” What is the technical troubleshooting step?

A. Increase the PEEP
B. Check for a leak in the ventilator circuit or patient disconnection ✓
C. Decrease the tidal volume
D. Increase the respiratory rate
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

101. A patient with acute myocardial infarction develops sudden onset of dyspnea, crackles, and S3 heart sound. What clinical complication is most concerning?

A. Pericarditis
B. Acute decompensated heart failure (pulmonary edema) ✓
C. Myocardial rupture
D. Deep vein thrombosis
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

99. A patient with acute respiratory failure is on mechanical ventilation and develops sudden onset of agitation and respiratory distress. What is the immediate nursing action?

A. Increase sedation immediately
B. Assess the patient for acute changes (e.g., pneumothorax, ETT displacement, secretions), and troubleshoot ventilator alarms ✓
C. Administer a diuretic
D. Disconnect the patient from the ventilator
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

98. A nurse is preparing a continuous intravenous infusion of a vasoactive medication (e.g., norepinephrine). What is the critical technical consideration for administration?

A. Infuse through a peripheral IV only
B. Infuse through a central venous catheter to prevent extravasation and ensure rapid systemic delivery ✓
C. Infuse through a subcutaneous line
D. Administer as a bolus
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

95. A patient with acute kidney injury is anuric and developing signs of fluid overload. What urgent intervention might be initiated?

A. Administer more fluid
B. Initiation of hemodialysis or continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) ✓
C. Administer a diuretic
D. Administer an antibiotic
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

94. A patient with a severe traumatic brain injury has an ICP of 22 mmHg and a cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) of 50 mmHg. What is the critical implication of this CPP?

A. CPP is optimal
B. CPP is inadequate and indicates insufficient blood flow to the brain ✓
C. CPP is too high
D. CPP is improving
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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