MCQs

11212 questions found

Practice Questions

40. A patient with a traumatic brain injury has a ICP bolt placed. The nurse observes bleeding around the insertion site. What is the immediate nursing action?

A. Apply a warm compress
B. Apply sterile pressure dressing, reinforce, and notify physician
C. Administer an anti-coagulant
D. Remove the ICP bolt
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

39. A patient in septic shock is receiving aggressive fluid resuscitation. The nurse notes new crackles in the lungs and increasing shortness of breath. What is the critical nursing action?

A. Continue fluid resuscitation
B. Assess for fluid overload/pulmonary edema, notify physician, and consider decreasing fluid rate or administering diuretic
C. Administer more vasopressors
D. Increase oxygen flow rate
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

38. A nurse is monitoring a patient’s mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) via a pulmonary artery catheter. The SvO2 drops from 70% to 45%. What clinical implication does this indicate?

A. Improved tissue oxygenation
B. Increased oxygen demand or decreased oxygen delivery (e.g., hypoxemia, low cardiac output, anemia)
C. Decreased metabolic rate
D. Fluid overload
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

37. A patient develops sudden onset of shortness of breath, chest pain, and hemoptysis after central line insertion. What is the urgent suspected complication?

A. Allergic reaction
B. Pulmonary embolism or pneumothorax
C. Myocardial infarction
D. Deep vein thrombosis
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

36. A patient is admitted with a suspected opioid overdose. The patient is unresponsive with respiratory rate of 4 breaths/min and pinpoint pupils. What is the immediate life-saving medicinal intervention?

A. Administer activated charcoal
B. Administer naloxone (Narcan) IV push
C. Administer a diuretic
D. Administer an antidepressant
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

35. A patient on mechanical ventilation is agitated and trying to pull out their endotracheal tube. What is the critical initial nursing action?

A. Immediately apply restraints
B. Assess the cause of agitation (e.g., pain, hypoxemia, delirium), and consider sedation or analgesia as ordered
C. Leave the patient unattended
D. Increase the ventilator settings
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

34. A patient with a traumatic brain injury has dilated and fixed pupils. What clinical finding does this signify?

A. Normal neurological function
B. Severe brainstem compression and imminent herniation
C. Mild concussion
D. Hypoglycemia
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

33. A patient is receiving a continuous infusion of norepinephrine for distributive shock. Their blood pressure is still low despite max dose. What medicinal adjustment might be considered?

A. Discontinuation of norepinephrine
B. Addition of a second vasopressor (e.g., vasopressin) or hydrocortisone
C. Increase the patient's fluid intake significantly
D. Administer a diuretic
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

32. A nurse is managing a patient with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). The access line suddenly clots. What is the immediate technical nursing intervention?

A. Increase the blood flow rate
B. Flush the access line according to protocol, and notify the nephrologist/intensivist
C. Administer a diuretic
D. Disconnect the patient from CRRT
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

31. A patient with acute myocardial infarction develops sudden, severe chest pain radiating to the back, and new onset systolic murmur. What urgent complication is suspected?

A. Pericarditis
B. Aortic dissection or papillary muscle rupture with mitral regurgitation
C. Pneumonia
D. Deep vein thrombosis
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

30. A nurse is monitoring a patient’s pulmonary artery catheter. The nurse observes a sudden, sustained wedge pressure reading of 30 mmHg. What clinical condition does this indicate?

A. Hypovolemia
B. Severe left ventricular dysfunction and pulmonary edema
C. Right ventricular failure
D. Pulmonary embolism
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

29. A patient is admitted to the ICU with a diagnosis of DKA. Their blood glucose is 600 mg/dL, pH 7.10, and bicarbonate 10 mEq/L. What is the immediate nursing intervention?

A. Administer oral glucose
B. Administer intravenous insulin drip as ordered, along with fluid resuscitation
C. Administer oral bicarbonate
D. Administer a diuretic
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

28. A nurse is performing a rapid neurological assessment on a patient with suspected stroke. What is the most urgent assessment parameter to determine time of symptom onset?

A. Current blood pressure
B. Last known well time from patient or family
C. Patient's favorite food
D. Previous medical history
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

27. A patient with severe burns develops progressive hoarseness, stridor, and black sputum. What is the critical respiratory concern?

A. Bronchitis
B. Inhalation injury and impending airway obstruction
C. Allergic reaction
D. Pneumonia
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

26. A patient is receiving a continuous infusion of heparin for pulmonary embolism. Their aPTT is subtherapeutic. What is the medicinal adjustment the nurse anticipates?

A. Discontinue heparin
B. Increase the heparin infusion rate as per protocol/order
C. Decrease the heparin infusion rate
D. Administer protamine sulfate
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

25. A patient post-cardiac arrest has been resuscitated and is now hypotensive. What is the most urgent initial nursing intervention?

A. Administer epinephrine IV push
B. Administer IV fluid bolus, assess for underlying cause, and initiate vasopressor support if needed
C. Administer a diuretic
D. Initiate CPR
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

24. A patient in acute respiratory failure is being prepared for intubation. What clinical assessment indicates the most immediate need for intubation?

A. Patient is sleeping quietly
B. Rapidly worsening respiratory distress, declining oxygen saturation despite supplemental oxygen, and altered mental status
C. Mild cough
D. Stable vital signs
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

23. A nurse is preparing to administer an intravenous push medication through a central line. What is the critical technical step to prevent air embolism?

A. Flush the line with saline only after administration
B. Clamp the central line lumen before opening the cap or disconnecting syringes, and ensure no air is in the syringe
C. Push medication rapidly
D. Inject air into the line to ensure patency
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

22. A patient on mechanical ventilation is asynchronous with the ventilator, fighting the breath. What is the immediate action?

A. Increase the respiratory rate
B. Assess for pain, anxiety, secretion buildup, or inadequate sedation, and troubleshoot ventilator settings
C. Decrease the tidal volume
D. Disconnect the patient from the ventilator
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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