D.
Prognostic benefit of early detection.
✓
A.
The association is highly plausible.
✓
B.
The association needs to be critically examined for biological plausibility; rare exposure causing common disease is less common.
✓
C.
Biological plausibility is irrelevant.
✓
D.
The chemical is definitely carcinogenic.
✓
A.
Provide more naloxone to paramedics only.
✓
B.
Implement immediate harm reduction strategies, distribute naloxone, and investigate the source of contaminated drugs.
✓
C.
Wait for the increase to plateau.
✓
D.
Blame the individuals for drug use.
✓
A.
Prevalence of infections.
✓
B.
Incidence rate of new infections.
✓
C.
Mortality rate from infections.
✓
D.
Case-fatality rate from infections.
✓
A.
No special monitoring is needed.
✓
B.
Very close and ongoing monitoring of patients for adverse effects and therapeutic levels is required.
✓
C.
The drug is too dangerous to be approved.
✓
D.
The drug is extremely safe.
✓
D.
Susceptible population.
✓
A.
Treat the patient with antiviral medication.
✓
B.
Immediately notify public health authorities for investigation and contact tracing.
✓
C.
Advise the patient to avoid that restaurant in the future.
✓
D.
Wait for more patients to report similar symptoms.
✓
