Practice Questions

A nurse is monitoring a patient for signs of a healthcare-associated infection. Common sites for HAIs include:

A. Surgical sites, urinary tract, respiratory tract, bloodstream
B. Skin, hair, nails
C. Eyes, ears, nose
D. Teeth, gums, tongue
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A common method used in microbiology labs to isolate and grow bacteria is:

A. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
B. Culture on agar plates
C. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
D. Western blot
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient has a bloodstream infection (bacteremia). This is an example of a:

A. Localized infection
B. Systemic infection
C. Primary infection
D. Secondary infection
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The type of immune cell that directly kills infected cells or cancer cells is the:

A. B-cell
B. Helper T-cell
C. Cytotoxic T-cell
D. Macrophage
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is caring for a patient with C. difficile. Proper room cleaning and disinfection are critical because C. difficile spores can:

A. Only survive on living tissue.
B. Survive on environmental surfaces for extended periods.
C. Be easily eliminated with alcohol-based hand rubs.
D. Not be transmitted through indirect contact.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The study of fungi is called:

A. Bacteriology
B. Virology
C. Mycology
D. Parasitology
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient is infected with a bacterium that produces an exotoxin. Exotoxins are typically:

A. Components of the bacterial cell wall.
B. Proteins secreted by living bacteria.
C. Released upon bacterial cell lysis.
D. Heat-stable.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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