Practice Questions

Energy extraction from triglycerides depends largely upon

A. β-oxidation of fatty acids
B. DNA replication
C. Protein synthesis
D. Transcription

β-oxidation releases acetyl-CoA and reducing equivalents.

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Jun 25, 2026

During prolonged starvation, a major respiratory substrate becomes

A. Stored fats
B. Cellulose
C. DNA
D. RNA

Fat reserves become the major source of energy.

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Jun 25, 2026

A common intermediate shared by fat and carbohydrate metabolism is

A. Acetyl-CoA
B. Chlorophyll
C. Peptidoglycan
D. Histone

Both glucose and fatty acids ultimately produce acetyl-CoA.

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Jun 25, 2026

Respiratory utilization of amino acids requires removal of

A. Amino group
B. Carboxyl group
C. Phosphate group
D. Sulfate group

Deamination removes the amino group before respiration.

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Jun 25, 2026

The most appropriate consequence of β-oxidation is

A. Production of acetyl-CoA molecules
B. Formation of amino groups
C. Synthesis of glycogen
D. Production of chlorophyll

β-oxidation repeatedly cleaves fatty acids into acetyl-CoA units.

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Jun 25, 2026

Breakdown of lipids initially produces molecules that can enter

A. Glycolysis and Krebs cycle
B. Replication only
C. Translation only
D. Photosynthesis only

Glycerol enters glycolysis, fatty acids yield acetyl-CoA for Krebs cycle.

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In mitochondria, acetyl-CoA derived from fats enters

A. Krebs cycle
B. Calvin cycle
C. Light reaction
D. Glycogenesis

Acetyl-CoA is the central substrate for the Krebs cycle.

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Entry of amino acid carbon skeletons into respiration occurs after

A. Deamination
B. Translation
C. Replication
D. Transduction

Amino groups must first be removed.

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During ATP production, fats yield more energy than carbohydrates because they contain

A. More hydrogen atoms
B. More oxygen atoms
C. More nitrogen atoms
D. More sulfur atoms

Greater hydrogen content provides more electrons for ATP generation.

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Complete oxidation of proteins ultimately generates

A. Carbon dioxide, water and ATP
B. Glucose and ATP
C. Amino acids only
D. Oxygen and ATP

Protein catabolism ultimately feeds into respiratory pathways.

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Jun 25, 2026
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