Practice Questions

Among the following body fluids, HIV transmission commonly occurs through

A. Sweat
B. Tears
C. Blood
D. Saliva

Blood contains sufficient viral particles for transmission.

nmdcat.online AIDS and HIV Infection
Jun 25, 2026

Regarding HIV transmission, a major route is

A. Hand shaking
B. Contaminated blood transfusion
C. Sharing books
D. Air currents

HIV can spread through infected blood.

nmdcat.online AIDS and HIV Infection
Jun 25, 2026

The characteristic feature of AIDS involves

A. Increased immunity
B. Progressive immune deficiency
C. Excess insulin secretion
D. Increased hemoglobin

Loss of CD4 cells weakens immunity.

nmdcat.online AIDS and HIV Infection
Jun 25, 2026

Among the following statements, HIV primarily attacks

A. B lymphocytes
B. CD4+ T helper cells
C. Red blood cells
D. Platelets

HIV specifically infects and destroys helper T cells.

nmdcat.online AIDS and HIV Infection
Jun 25, 2026

Regarding AIDS, the causative agent is

A. Hepatitis B virus
B. Human Immunodeficiency Virus
C. Influenza virus
D. Rabies virus

HIV causes AIDS by attacking the immune system.

nmdcat.online AIDS and HIV Infection
Jun 25, 2026

Among the following statements, bacteriophages contribute significantly to

A. Bacterial gene transfer
B. Photosynthesis
C. Nitrogen fixation
D. Cell respiration

Phages mediate transduction, transferring genes between bacteria.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jun 25, 2026

Regarding viruses infecting plants, mechanical injury frequently facilitates

A. Viral entry
B. Viral digestion
C. Viral mutation
D. Viral elimination

Plant cell walls hinder entry, making wounds important portals.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jun 25, 2026

The characteristic feature of TMV capsid organization is

A. Helical arrangement
B. Cubical arrangement
C. Complex arrangement
D. Tail arrangement

TMV capsid proteins are arranged helically around RNA.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jun 25, 2026

During latent viral infection, viral genome remains

A. Completely absent
B. Present without active production
C. Replaced by host DNA
D. Destroyed immediately

Latency involves persistence of viral genome with minimal viral production.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jun 25, 2026

Among the following diseases, rabies primarily affects

A. Nervous system
B. Skeletal system
C. Digestive system
D. Endocrine system

Rabies virus shows strong neurotropism and damages nervous tissue.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jun 25, 2026
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