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Practice Questions

109. A patient with hepatic encephalopathy is prescribed lactulose. The nurse knows this medication works by:

A. Increasing gut motility
B. Decreasing ammonia production and absorption ✓
C. Increasing protein absorption
D. Promoting liver regeneration
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nmdcat.online Adult health nursing -II
Jun 6, 2026

108. A patient with a new ileostomy is being discharged. The nurse should instruct the patient that the stool from an ileostomy will be:

A. Formed and regular
B. Semisolid with occasional gas
C. Liquid to semiliquid and continuous ✓
D. Hard and constipated
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nmdcat.online Adult health nursing -II
Jun 6, 2026

107. A nurse is caring for a patient with an exacerbation of diverticulitis. Which food should be avoided during this acute phase?

A. Clear liquids
B. Cooked vegetables
C. Nuts and seeds ✓
D. White rice
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nmdcat.online Adult health nursing -II
Jun 6, 2026

106. A patient is admitted with a suspected pneumothorax. The nurse should assess for which classic sign?

A. Bilateral crackles
B. Diminished or absent breath sounds on the affected side ✓
C. Productive cough
D. Bradypnea
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nmdcat.online Adult health nursing -II
Jun 6, 2026

105. A patient with cystic fibrosis is experiencing thick, tenacious secretions. The nurse should prioritize:

A. Administering bronchodilators only
B. Performing chest physiotherapy (CPT) ✓
C. Limiting fluid intake
D. Encouraging high-fat diet
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nmdcat.online Adult health nursing -II
Jun 6, 2026

104. A nurse is teaching a patient about the proper use of a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) for asthma. The most important step after inhaling the medication is to:

A. Exhale forcefully
B. Hold breath for 5-10 seconds ✓
C. Rinse mouth immediately
D. Take another puff quickly
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nmdcat.online Adult health nursing -II
Jun 6, 2026

103. A patient with a new diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) asks the nurse about transmission. The nurse explains that TB is primarily spread by:

A. Direct contact with skin lesions
B. Contaminated food and water
C. Airborne droplets ✓
D. Blood transfusions
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nmdcat.online Adult health nursing -II
Jun 6, 2026

102. A nurse is caring for a patient on mechanical ventilation. To prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), the nurse should implement:

A. Frequent suctioning only
B. Daily oral care with chlorhexidine ✓
C. Keeping the head of the bed flat
D. Continuous sedation
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nmdcat.online Adult health nursing -II
Jun 6, 2026

101. A patient with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is admitted with an acute exacerbation. The nurse should prioritize monitoring of:

A. Blood glucose levels
B. ABGs (Arterial Blood Gases) ✓
C. Urine output
D. Pain level
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nmdcat.online Adult health nursing -II
Jun 6, 2026

100. A patient with glaucoma is prescribed beta-blocker eye drops. The nurse should instruct the patient to:

A. Apply the drops directly to the cornea
B. Pinch the bridge of the nose after instillation ✓
C. Administer the drops once a day in the morning
D. Discontinue if blurred vision occurs
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nmdcat.online Adult health nursing -II
Jun 6, 2026
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