Practice Questions

A common method used in microbiology labs to isolate and grow bacteria is:

A. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
B. Culture on agar plates ✓
C. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
D. Western blot
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient has a bloodstream infection (bacteremia). This is an example of a:

A. Localized infection
B. Systemic infection ✓
C. Primary infection
D. Secondary infection
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The type of immune cell that directly kills infected cells or cancer cells is the:

A. B-cell
B. Helper T-cell
C. Cytotoxic T-cell ✓
D. Macrophage
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is caring for a patient with C. difficile. Proper room cleaning and disinfection are critical because C. difficile spores can:

A. Only survive on living tissue.
B. Survive on environmental surfaces for extended periods. ✓
C. Be easily eliminated with alcohol-based hand rubs.
D. Not be transmitted through indirect contact.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The study of fungi is called:

A. Bacteriology
B. Virology
C. Mycology ✓
D. Parasitology
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient is infected with a bacterium that produces an exotoxin. Exotoxins are typically:

A. Components of the bacterial cell wall.
B. Proteins secreted by living bacteria. ✓
C. Released upon bacterial cell lysis.
D. Heat-stable.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is explaining the role of normal flora. These microorganisms help to:

A. Cause disease in healthy individuals.
B. Produce toxins that harm the host.
C. Compete with pathogens for nutrients and attachment sites. ✓
D. Weaken the immune system.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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