Practice Questions

The ability of a pathogen to cause disease in a host is referred to as:

A. Resistance
B. Virulence ✓
C. Immunity
D. Commensalism
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is caring for a patient with a wound infection. The presence of pus indicates:

A. A viral infection.
B. A sterile wound.
C. An inflammatory response and bacterial activity. ✓
D. A fungal infection.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient is recovering from a viral infection. Unlike bacterial infections, viral infections are typically not treated with:

A. Antiviral medications
B. Analgesics
C. Antipyretics
D. Antibiotics ✓
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The process by which bacteria transfer genetic material through direct cell-to-cell contact is called:

A. Transformation
B. Transduction
C. Conjugation ✓
D. Replication
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is reviewing a patient’s lab results, which show a high white blood cell count and elevated C-reactive protein. These findings are indicators of:

A. A viral infection only.
B. A bacterial infection only.
C. An inflammatory response, which can be due to infection. ✓
D. An autoimmune disease.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The normal microbiota residing on and within the human body:

A. Always cause disease.
B. Are entirely pathogenic.
C. Can be beneficial and protect against pathogens. ✓
D. Are sterile and do not contain any microorganisms.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with tuberculosis is placed in airborne precautions. This is because Mycobacterium tuberculosis is primarily spread through:

A. Direct contact with contaminated surfaces.
B. Fecal-oral route.
C. Airborne droplets that remain suspended in the air. ✓
D. Vector-borne transmission.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is preparing a sterile field. The critical principle to remember when working with a sterile field is that:

A. Only the edges of the field are considered sterile.
B. Anything that touches the sterile field and is not sterile is considered contaminated. ✓
C. Surgical masks are not necessary when working with a sterile field.
D. Sterile fields can be prepared hours in advance.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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