Practice Questions

A nurse is teaching a patient about antibiotic resistance. The nurse explains that bacteria can develop resistance through various mechanisms, including:

A. Developing a thicker cell wall that prevents antibiotic entry.
B. Altering the antibiotic's target site.
C. Producing enzymes that inactivate the antibiotic.
D. All of the above. ✓
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is caring for a patient with a fungal skin infection. Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that obtain nutrients by:

A. Photosynthesis
B. Phagocytosis
C. Absorption ✓
D. Chemosynthesis
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient develops a urinary tract infection after prolonged catheterization. This type of infection, acquired in a healthcare setting, is known as a:

A. Community-acquired infection
B. Opportunistic infection
C. Healthcare-associated infection (HAI) ✓
D. Localized infection
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A sterile dressing change is being performed. Sterilization is the process of:

A. Reducing the number of microorganisms on living tissue.
B. Eliminating all microorganisms, including spores. ✓
C. Reducing the number of microorganisms on inanimate objects.
D. Inhibiting the growth of microorganisms.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is educating a patient about preventing the spread of the common cold, which is caused by a virus. Viruses are unique microorganisms because they:

A. Are single-celled organisms that can reproduce independently.
B. Possess both DNA and RNA simultaneously.
C. Require a living host cell for replication. ✓
D. Are easily treated with standard antibiotics.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a patient. To prevent healthcare-associated infections, the nurse must perform hand hygiene. The most effective method for routine hand hygiene in a clinical setting is:

A. Washing hands with plain soap and water for 5 seconds.
B. Using alcohol-based hand rub if hands are not visibly soiled. ✓
C. Rinsing hands under running water only.
D. Wiping hands with a dry cloth.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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