Practice Questions

A patient with a chronic inflammatory condition (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis) experiences morning stiffness that lasts for hours. This is a characteristic of:

A. Acute inflammation.
B. Chronic inflammation. ✓
C. Resolution of inflammation.
D. Regeneration.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with iron deficiency anemia has fatigue and pallor due to:

A. Decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. ✓
B. Increased white blood cell count.
C. Elevated platelet count.
D. Fluid retention.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with Graves’ disease (hyperthyroidism) experiences symptoms like weight loss, tachycardia, and heat intolerance. This is caused by:

A. Decreased thyroid hormone production.
B. Autoimmune stimulation of thyroid hormone production. ✓
C. Increased TSH levels.
D. Hypothalamic dysfunction.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with acute myocardial infarction develops cardiac enzymes (troponin, CK-MB) in the bloodstream. These enzymes are released due to:

A. Normal cardiac function.
B. Myocardial cell necrosis. ✓
C. Increased heart rate.
D. Decreased blood pressure.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a genetic predisposition and environmental triggers develops Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. This is an example of which type of inheritance pattern?

A. Single gene disorder.
B. Chromosomal abnormality.
C. Multifactorial inheritance. ✓
D. Mitochondrial inheritance.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with severe respiratory depression due to opioid overdose develops respiratory acidosis. The primary physiological response to compensate for this is:

A. Hyperventilation.
B. Renal retention of bicarbonate. ✓
C. Renal excretion of hydrogen ions.
D. Increased carbon dioxide excretion by the lungs.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a history of alcohol abuse presents with severe liver damage and bleeding esophageal varices. The bleeding is primarily due to:

A. Portal hypertension. ✓
B. Decreased gastric acid.
C. Increased platelet count.
D. Enhanced clotting factors.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The nurse explains that benign tumors are typically differentiated, meaning they:

A. Resemble the cells of origin. ✓
B. Are highly disorganized.
C. Grow rapidly.
D. Metastasize easily.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a severe burn experiences generalized swelling and blistering, characteristic of which type of burn injury?

A. First-degree burn.
B. Second-degree burn (partial thickness). ✓
C. Third-degree burn (full thickness).
D. Fourth-degree burn.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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