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BIO NMDCAT

1785 questions found

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📁 ACELLULAR LIFR 20 📁 AIDS and HIV Infection 50 📁 and nerve impulse Reflexes and reflex arc 0 📁 Arthritis 0 📁 axon 0 📁 BIOENERGETICS 0 📁 Biological Importance of Water 95 📁 BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES 126 📁 Biotechnology 0 📁 Biotechnology and Health Care 0 📁 Blood Vessels 0 📁 Brain 25 📁 Carbohydrates 100 📁 Cardiac cycle and phases of Heartbeat 0 📁 cell body 0 📁 cell membrane 70 📁 CELL STRUCTURE & FUNCTION 100 📁 Chromosomes 76 📁 Circulation 0 📁 Concept of Evolution 50 📁 Conjugated molecules 100 📁 COORDINATION & CONTROL NERVOUS & CHEMICAL COORDINATION 0 📁 Cytoplasmic Organelles 75 📁 Darwinism 50 📁 dendrites 0 📁 DIVERSITY AMONG ANTMALS (THE KTNGDOM ANIMALIA) 0 📁 ENZYMES 108 📁 EVOLUTION 0 📁 Factors that Affect the Rate of Enzyme Reactions 60 📁 Form and Function in Plants 0 📁 Gene linkage and crossing over 0 📁 Homeostasis (kidney specifically) 0 📁 Homeostasis Mainly Kidney Portion nmdcat etea 0 📁 Human Heart 0 📁 Human Reproductive system 0 📁 Human Reproductive system-Menstrual cycle 0 📁 Human skeleton 0 📁 INHERITANCE 0 📁 Inhibitors 40 📁 Joints 0 📁 Lamarckism 50 📁 Lipids 45 📁 lmmunity 0 📁 Lymphatic system 0 📁 Mendel's laws of Inheritance 0 📁 Menstrual cycle 0 📁 Mode of Enzyme Action 60 📁 Muscle contraction 0 📁 Muscles 0 📁 myelin sheath 0 📁 Neurons 41 📁 PROKARYOTES (KTNGDOM MONERA) 0 📁 Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cell 0 📁 Proteins 95 📁 Receptors 40 📁 REPRODUCTION 0 📁 Respiration 15 📁 Respiratory system 0 📁 Ribonucleic acid (RNA) 100 📁 Sexually transmitted diseases 50 📁 Skeletal muscles 0 📁 Specific Defense Mechanism 0 📁 Structure of DNA 98 📁 SUPPORT & MOVEMENT 0 📁 Viruses 46 📁 X-linked Recessive inheritance 0

Practice Questions

15. The basic chemical difference between a ribonucleoside and a ribonucleotide is the presence of a

A. Nitrogenous base
B. Pentose sugar
C. Phosphate group
D. Hydroxyl group

A nucleoside consists only of a sugar and a base; adding a phosphate group converts it into a nucleotide.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jul 3, 2026

1. Regarding the chemical composition of a ribonucleotide, the pentose sugar present is

A. Ribose
B. Deoxyribose
C. Ribulose
D. Deoxyribulose

Ribose contains a hydroxyl group (-OH) at the 2' carbon position, distinguishing it from deoxyribose which has a hydrogen atom instead.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jul 3, 2026

2. In a mature RNA molecule, the nitrogenous base that replaces thymine is

A. Adenine
B. Guanine
C. Cytosine
D. Uracil

Uracil is a pyrimidine base specific to RNA that pairs with adenine, replacing the thymine found in DNA.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jul 3, 2026

3. The bond responsible for linking adjacent nucleotides together in a single strand of RNA is the

A. Phosphodiester bond
B. Hydrogen bond
C. Peptide bond
D. Glycosidic bond

Phosphodiester bonds form the sugar-phosphate backbone by connecting the 3' carbon of one ribose to the 5' carbon of the next.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jul 3, 2026

The nucleolus is a specialized region within the nucleus dedicated to the transcription of rRNA and the assembly of ribosomal subunits.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jul 3, 2026

5. The type of RNA that carries genetic information from the nuclear DNA to the ribosomes for translation is

A. Transfer RNA
B. Ribosomal RNA
C. Messenger RNA
D. Small nuclear RNA

Messenger RNA (mRNA) serves as a linear transcript of the genetic blueprint to guide amino acid sequencing during translation.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jul 3, 2026

Ribosomal RNA is the most abundant form of RNA in the cell because ribosomes are present in vast numbers to meet translational demands.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jul 3, 2026

7. The structural conformation of a typical messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule is generally

A. Single-stranded and linear
B. Double-stranded and helical
C. Single-stranded and cloverleaf
D. Circular and double-stranded

Messenger RNA is synthesized as a single-stranded linear molecule to allow ribosomes to read its codons sequentially.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jul 3, 2026

8. The structural feature that allows transfer RNA (tRNA) to pick up and carry a specific amino acid is located at its

A. 5' phosphate end
B. 3' hydroxyl end
C. Anticodon loop
D. Variable loop

The 3' end of tRNA terminates in a conserved CCA sequence, where the hydroxyl group of the terminal adenine binds to an amino acid.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jul 3, 2026

9. The organic bases classified as purines found in RNA molecules are

A. Adenine and Uracil
B. Guanine and Cytosine
C. Adenine and Guanine
D. Cytosine and Uracil

Purines are double-ringed nitrogenous bases, which include adenine and guanine in both DNA and RNA.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jul 3, 2026

10. The nitrogenous base pair that exhibits two hydrogen bonds during transient RNA-DNA hybridization is

A. Adenine and Uracil
B. Guanine and Cytosine
C. Adenine and Thymine
D. Cytosine and Uracil

Uracil pairs with adenine via two hydrogen bonds during transcription, mirroring the adenine-thymine interaction in DNA.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jul 3, 2026

11. The fundamental building block of all types of ribonucleic acids is a

A. Ribonucleoside
B. Ribonucleoside monophosphate
C. Deoxyribonucleotide
D. Amino acid

Ribonucleoside monophosphates (ribonucleotides) link together via condensation reactions to build the polymeric RNA strand.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jul 3, 2026

12. The type of RNA molecule that possesses an anticodon loop is

A. Messenger RNA
B. Ribosomal RNA
C. Transfer RNA
D. Heterogeneous nuclear RNA

Transfer RNA contains an anticodon loop with three specific bases complementary to an mRNA codon.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jul 3, 2026

13. In a cellular environment, the life span of messenger RNA (mRNA) compared to ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is

A. Significantly shorter
B. Significantly longer
C. Exactly identical
D. Permanently stable

Messenger RNA is rapidly degraded by ribonucleases after translation to control the rate of protein synthesis dynamically.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jul 3, 2026

14. The functional role of RNA in retroviruses such as HIV is to act as the

A. Structural catalyst
B. Primary genetic material
C. Secondary messenger
D. Energy storage molecule

Retroviruses lack DNA in their viral particles and utilize RNA to store their complete hereditary information.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jul 3, 2026

The amino acid sequence of a protein is ultimately determined by the

A. Protein's carbohydrate chains
B. mRNA cap
C. DNA nucleotide sequence
D. Disulfide bonds

The genetic code in DNA determines the amino acid sequence through transcription and translation.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jun 29, 2026

Pepsin is secreted as pepsinogen in order to

A. Improve digestion
B. Prevent digestion of gastric cells
C. Increase catalytic efficiency
D. Enhance absorption

Digestive enzymes are secreted as inactive zymogens to protect tissues from self-digestion.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jun 29, 2026

The hydrophobic effect in protein folding is primarily driven by an increase in the

A. Protein enthalpy
B. Entropy of surrounding water
C. Number of peptide bonds
D. Salt concentration

Burying hydrophobic residues releases ordered water molecules, increasing entropy.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jun 29, 2026

A protein domain is considered part of the

A. Primary structure
B. Secondary structure
C. Tertiary structure
D. Quaternary structure

Domains are independently folded structural units within one polypeptide.

nmdcat.online BIO NMDCAT
Jun 29, 2026
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