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BS Nursing

5385 questions found

Practice Questions

A patient with a chronic inflammatory condition (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis) experiences morning stiffness that lasts for hours. This is a characteristic of:

A. Acute inflammation.
B. Chronic inflammation. ✓
C. Resolution of inflammation.
D. Regeneration.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a head injury develops central diabetes insipidus. This is due to a deficiency in which hormone?

A. ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone). ✓
B. Aldosterone.
C. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
D. Cortisol.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with uncontrolled hypertension develops target organ damage. This is primarily due to:

A. Hypovolemia.
B. Persistent high pressure damaging blood vessels and organs. ✓
C. Low blood glucose levels.
D. Enhanced renal function.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with chronic heart failure has compensatory mechanisms that include activation of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS). This leads to:

A. Vasodilation and decreased fluid retention.
B. Vasoconstriction and fluid retention. ✓
C. Decreased heart rate.
D. Increased myocardial contractility.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a Type IV hypersensitivity reaction (e.g., contact dermatitis) exhibits a delayed response. This delay is due to the time required for:

A. Antibody production.
B. Immune complex formation.
C. T-cell sensitization and migration. ✓
D. Mast cell degranulation.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a large abdominal wound that heals by “secondary intention” will likely experience:

A. Minimal scarring.
B. Significant granulation tissue formation and scarring. ✓
C. Rapid closure with sutures.
D. No tissue loss.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a severe burn experiences generalized swelling and blistering, characteristic of which type of burn injury?

A. First-degree burn.
B. Second-degree burn (partial thickness). ✓
C. Third-degree burn (full thickness).
D. Fourth-degree burn.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has a reduced FEV1/FVC ratio. This indicates:

A. Restrictive lung disease.
B. Obstructive lung disease. ✓
C. Normal lung function.
D. Increased lung volume.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The nurse explains that benign tumors are typically differentiated, meaning they:

A. Resemble the cells of origin. ✓
B. Are highly disorganized.
C. Grow rapidly.
D. Metastasize easily.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a history of alcohol abuse presents with severe liver damage and bleeding esophageal varices. The bleeding is primarily due to:

A. Portal hypertension. ✓
B. Decreased gastric acid.
C. Increased platelet count.
D. Enhanced clotting factors.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with severe trauma develops hemorrhagic shock. The primary compensatory mechanism involves:

A. Decreased heart rate.
B. Vasodilation.
C. Increased systemic vascular resistance and heart rate. ✓
D. Increased urine output.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with severe respiratory depression due to opioid overdose develops respiratory acidosis. The primary physiological response to compensate for this is:

A. Hyperventilation.
B. Renal retention of bicarbonate. ✓
C. Renal excretion of hydrogen ions.
D. Increased carbon dioxide excretion by the lungs.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a genetic predisposition and environmental triggers develops Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. This is an example of which type of inheritance pattern?

A. Single gene disorder.
B. Chromosomal abnormality.
C. Multifactorial inheritance. ✓
D. Mitochondrial inheritance.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with acute myocardial infarction develops cardiac enzymes (troponin, CK-MB) in the bloodstream. These enzymes are released due to:

A. Normal cardiac function.
B. Myocardial cell necrosis. ✓
C. Increased heart rate.
D. Decreased blood pressure.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with an inherited bleeding disorder has a deficiency in Factor VIII. This condition is known as:

A. Von Willebrand disease.
B. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
C. Hemophilia A. ✓
D. Hemophilia B.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a long history of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) develops esophageal dysplasia. Dysplasia is characterized by:

A. Reversible change of one cell type to another.
B. Cells increasing in size due to increased workload.
C. Disorganized cell growth, varying in size, shape, and organization. ✓
D. A normal, adaptive response.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with severe systemic inflammation develops a “left shift” in their differential white blood cell count. This indicates an increase in:

A. Mature neutrophils.
B. Immature neutrophils (bands). ✓
C. Lymphocytes.
D. Eosinophils.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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