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BS Nursing

5385 questions found

Practice Questions

A patient with hypoparathyroidism develops hypocalcemia. This is characterized by:

A. Bone pain and kidney stones.
B. Muscle weakness and lethargy.
C. Tetany, muscle spasms, and positive Chvostek's sign. ✓
D. Constipation.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with chronic stress may experience impaired wound healing due to the prolonged effects of:

A. Insulin.
B. Cortisol. ✓
C. Growth hormone.
D. Estrogen.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient develops an abscess after a bacterial infection. The type of necrosis characterized by enzymatic lysis of cells and formation of pus is:

A. Coagulative necrosis.
B. Liquefactive necrosis. ✓
C. Caseous necrosis.
D. Fat necrosis.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a history of smoking develops metaplasia in the bronchial epithelium. This is a reversible change where:

A. Cells decrease in size.
B. Cells increase in number.
C. One mature cell type is replaced by another mature cell type. ✓
D. Cells become disorganized and abnormal.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a severe infection develops lactic acidosis. This is caused by:

A. Increased oxygen delivery to tissues.
B. Anaerobic metabolism due to tissue hypoxia. ✓
C. Excessive bicarbonate production.
D. Hyperventilation.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient is diagnosed with a Type IV hypersensitivity reaction. This reaction is characterized by:

A. Immediate IgE-mediated response.
B. Antibody-mediated cell destruction.
C. Immune complex deposition.
D. Delayed T-cell mediated response. ✓
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient develops a tumor marker, such as CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen), in their blood. Tumor markers are primarily used for:

A. Diagnosing cancer definitively.
B. Screening healthy individuals for cancer.
C. Monitoring response to cancer treatment or recurrence. ✓
D. Predicting the exact origin of cancer.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a spinal cord injury develops autonomic dysreflexia. This life-threatening condition is characterized by:

A. Widespread vasodilation and hypotension.
B. Uncontrolled sympathetic overactivity below the level of injury in response to noxious stimuli. ✓
C. Bradycardia and warm, dry skin.
D. Hypoglycemia.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with severe burns develops hypovolemic shock. The primary fluid shift contributing to this type of shock is:

A. Fluid moving from the interstitial space into the intravascular space.
B. Fluid moving from the intravascular space into the interstitial space (third spacing). ✓
C. Intracellular fluid moving into the extracellular space.
D. Fluid moving from the extracellular space into the intracellular space.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a chronic inflammatory condition develops amyloidosis. This involves:

A. Abnormal protein deposits in various organs. ✓
B. Excessive fat accumulation in the liver.
C. Calcium deposits in soft tissues.
D. Iron overload in the blood.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a genetic mutation has a deficiency in a specific enzyme, leading to the accumulation of a toxic substance. This is an example of a:

A. Chromosomal abnormality.
B. Single gene disorder. ✓
C. Multifactorial disorder.
D. Environmental injury.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient develops hypercalcemia. Which of the following is a common cause of hypercalcemia?

A. Hypoparathyroidism.
B. Malignancy and hyperparathyroidism. ✓
C. Chronic kidney disease.
D. Vitamin D deficiency.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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