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BS Nursing

5385 questions found

Practice Questions

nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with severe vomiting and diarrhea develops hypochloremia. This contributes to the development of which acid-base imbalance?

A. Metabolic acidosis.
B. Metabolic alkalosis. ✓
C. Respiratory acidosis.
D. Respiratory alkalosis.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a genetic predisposition develops cancer. Oncogenes are genes that:

A. Suppress tumor growth.
B. Repair DNA damage.
C. Promote cell growth and proliferation. ✓
D. Cause cell death.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with heart failure has increased levels of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP). BNP is released in response to:

A. Decreased fluid volume.
B. Ventricular stretching and volume overload. ✓
C. Hypoxia.
D. Inflammation.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) develops metabolic acidosis. The primary pathophysiological cause is:

A. Increased bicarbonate reabsorption.
B. Impaired excretion of acid and decreased bicarbonate reabsorption by the kidneys. ✓
C. Increased carbonic acid levels.
D. Hyperventilation.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient is diagnosed with Type II hypersensitivity reaction. This reaction involves:

A. IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation.
B. Antibody-mediated cell destruction or dysfunction. ✓
C. Formation of immune complexes.
D. Delayed T-cell mediated response.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a history of gastric ulcers develops severe abdominal pain after taking NSAIDs. The NSAIDs contribute to ulcer formation by:

A. Increasing gastric mucus production.
B. Inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis, which reduces gastric mucosal protection. ✓
C. Stimulating gastric acid secretion.
D. Enhancing gastric blood flow.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) develops a pulmonary embolism (PE). The most common pathophysiological pathway for a PE is:

A. Arterial spasm in the lungs.
B. A clot dislodges from a peripheral vein and travels to the pulmonary circulation. ✓
C. Inhaled foreign body.
D. Direct lung infection.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a chronic autoimmune disease develops secondary immunodeficiency. This means their immune system is compromised due to:

A. A genetic defect present at birth.
B. Another underlying disease or treatment. ✓
C. Exposure to a specific allergen.
D. Excessive production of antibodies.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient experiences edema due to decreased plasma albumin levels. This is caused by:

A. Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure.
B. Decreased plasma oncotic pressure. ✓
C. Increased lymphatic drainage.
D. Increased arterial blood flow.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with severe burns develops rhabdomyolysis. This involves:

A. Fat necrosis.
B. Liquefactive necrosis.
C. Muscle tissue breakdown and release of myoglobin. ✓
D. Coagulative necrosis.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a severe infection develops acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The primary pathological feature of ARDS is:

A. Bronchospasm.
B. Massive pulmonary edema and severe hypoxemia due to capillary-alveolar membrane damage. ✓
C. Chronic airway inflammation.
D. Alveolar wall destruction.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The process of wound healing by “primary intention” involves:

A. A large wound with tissue loss that heals by granulation.
B. A wound with minimal tissue loss and edges that are approximated. ✓
C. A wound that is left open and then closed later.
D. The formation of a large scar.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with iron deficiency anemia has impaired oxygen-carrying capacity due to a deficiency in:

A. White blood cells.
B. Hemoglobin synthesis. ✓
C. Platelet production.
D. Plasma volume.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with asthma has chronic inflammation of the airways, leading to airway remodeling. This involves:

A. Permanent destruction of alveolar walls.
B. Fibrosis, smooth muscle hypertrophy, and increased mucus glands in the bronchi. ✓
C. Reversible airway constriction only.
D. Decreased collagen deposition.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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