A.
Evacuate all residents from the nursing home.
✓
B.
Implement immediate infection control measures, cohort infected individuals, and test all residents and staff for the causative agent.
✓
C.
Only treat residents who develop severe symptoms.
✓
D.
Wait for the cluster to spread to nearby nursing homes.
✓
C.
Incidence proportion (or cumulative incidence).
✓
A.
Number Needed to Treat (NNT).
✓
B.
Number Needed to Harm (NNH).
✓
A.
Strength of association.
✓
A.
To confirm a diagnosis.
✓
B.
To rule out a disease (screening test to identify as many true cases as possible).
✓
C.
To avoid false positives.
✓
D.
To identify only severe cases.
✓
A.
Ask people to stop eating all processed foods.
✓
B.
Issue an immediate recall of the contaminated product, and advise consumers to discard it and seek medical attention if ill.
✓
C.
Only warn the producer of the food product.
✓
D.
Wait for all contaminated products to be consumed.
✓
C.
Communicable period.
✓
B.
Beneficence (balancing benefits and harms).
✓
D.
Non-maleficence only.
✓
C.
Absolute Risk Reduction (ARR).
✓
D.
Number Needed to Harm (NNH).
✓
A.
Many false positive results.
✓
B.
Many false negative results, potentially leading to missed diagnoses.
✓
C.
Accurate diagnosis immediately.
✓
D.
No need for further testing.
✓
A.
Wait for a definitive diagnosis before informing anyone.
✓
B.
Immediately isolate the patient, collect samples, and notify the local infectious disease control unit.
✓
C.
Treat symptomatically and discharge.
✓
D.
Refer to a general practitioner for routine follow-up.
✓
A.
Advise people to boil water before use.
✓
B.
Issue an immediate "boil water" advisory, identify affected areas, and coordinate with healthcare providers for case management.
✓
C.
Wait for lab confirmation from every affected individual.
✓
D.
Only provide bottled water to a few households.
✓
C.
Cumulative Incidence.
✓
