MCQs

6530 questions found

Practice Questions

19. A patient with Type 1 Diabetes is experiencing hypoglycemia. Clinically, if the patient is conscious and able to swallow, what is the most appropriate initial treatment?

A. Administer intravenous insulin.
B. Give glucagon injection.
C. Provide a source of rapidly absorbed carbohydrates.
D. Wait for symptoms to subside spontaneously.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

17. A patient with an acute allergic reaction develops widespread urticaria and angioedema. Urgently, what is the most critical first-line pharmacological intervention?

A. Oral antihistamine.
B. Topical corticosteroid.
C. Intravenous epinephrine.
D. Oral prednisone.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

16. A patient with hyperthyroidism is prescribed propylthiouracil (PTU). Medicinally, what is the primary mechanism of action of PTU?

A. Increasing thyroid hormone synthesis.
B. Inhibiting thyroid hormone release.
C. Inhibiting thyroid peroxidase, thus blocking thyroid hormone synthesis.
D. Destroying thyroid gland cells.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

15. A patient on long-term NSAID therapy for arthritis develops gastric pain. Technically, what is the mechanism by which NSAIDs can cause gastrointestinal ulcers?

A. Increasing gastric acid secretion.
B. Inhibiting COX-1, leading to reduced protective prostaglandin synthesis.
C. Stimulating histamine release.
D. Direct irritation of the gastric mucosa.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

12. A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is using an inhaled anticholinergic (e.g., tiotropium). Medicinally, what is the primary mechanism of action of this drug?

A. Relaxing bronchial smooth muscle by stimulating ?2? receptors.
B. Blocking muscarinic receptors in the airways, preventing bronchoconstriction.
C. Inhibiting leukotriene synthesis.
D. Suppressing inflammation in the airways.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

11. A patient with bacterial pneumonia is prescribed a broad-spectrum antibiotic. Technically, what is a critical principle of antibiotic stewardship that a healthcare professional should follow?

A. Prescribe the most potent antibiotic available.
B. Prescribe antibiotics for all respiratory infections.
C. Use the narrowest spectrum antibiotic effective for the suspected pathogen.
D. Stop antibiotics as soon as symptoms improve.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

10. A 70-year-old male with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is prescribed tamsulosin. Clinically, what is the primary mechanism of action of tamsulosin that helps alleviate BPH symptoms?

A. Relaxing bladder smooth muscle.
B. Relaxing prostate smooth muscle.
C. Increasing bladder contractility.
D. Reducing prostate size.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

6. A patient is prescribed warfarin for atrial fibrillation. Clinically, what dietary advice is critical for the patient to understand regarding vitamin K intake?

A. Avoid all vitamin K-rich foods.
B. Maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K-rich foods.
C. Increase vitamin K intake to enhance warfarin's effect.
D. Vitamin K intake has no effect on warfarin.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

5. A patient on digoxin for heart failure presents with nausea, vomiting, and visual disturbances. Urgently, what is the most critical initial action a nurse should take?

A. Administer an antiemetic.
B. Check the patient's serum digoxin level and potassium level.
C. Increase the digoxin dose.
D. Encourage oral fluid intake.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

4. A 45-year-old female is diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Her physician recommends metformin as first-line therapy. Medicinally, what is the primary mechanism of action of metformin that contributes to its glucose-lowering effect?

A. Increasing insulin secretion from the pancreas.
B. Decreasing hepatic glucose production.
C. Enhancing glucose absorption from the gut.
D. Increasing glucose reabsorption in the kidneys.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

2. A patient with asthma is experiencing an acute exacerbation. Clinically, which class of drugs would provide the most urgent bronchodilation as a rescue medication?

A. Inhaled corticosteroids.
B. Leukotriene modifiers.
C. Short-acting ?2?-agonists (SABAs).
D. Long-acting ?2?-agonists (LABAs).
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

Which of the following is a characteristic of effective “feedback” in nursing education?

A. It is specific, descriptive, and actionable.
B. It is general and evaluative.
C. It focuses on personality.
D. It is delayed until the end of the course.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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