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Practice Questions

A patient is unable to regulate their blood glucose levels effectively. This indicates a disruption in the body’s ability to maintain:

A. Acid-base balance
B. Fluid-electrolyte balance
C. Homeostasis ✓
D. Respiratory rate
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A genetic counselor explains that DNA, a crucial molecule for heredity, is found primarily within which cellular organelle?

A. Mitochondria
B. Ribosomes
C. Nucleus ✓
D. Endoplasmic reticulum
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A histologist is examining a tissue slide and notes cells that are specialized for contraction, containing organized protein filaments. This tissue type is most likely:

A. Epithelial tissue
B. Nervous tissue
C. Muscle tissue ✓
D. Connective tissue
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A person experiences a sharp pain in their lumbar region. This anatomical region corresponds to the:

A. Chest area
B. Lower back ✓
C. Neck area
D. Hip area
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A patient undergoes surgery to remove a tumor. The surgeon makes an incision that runs horizontally across the body, dividing it into superior and inferior portions. This incision follows the:

A. Sagittal plane
B. Frontal plane
C. Transverse plane ✓
D. Oblique plane
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A cell is observed to have a very prominent Golgi apparatus. This suggests that the primary function of this cell is:

A. Muscle contraction
B. Rapid energy production
C. Packaging and secretion of proteins and lipids ✓
D. Structural support
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A nutritionist is explaining the importance of enzymes in digestion. They describe enzymes as biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy. Enzymes are primarily a type of:

A. Carbohydrate
B. Lipid
C. Protein ✓
D. Nucleic acid
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A physiotherapist is instructing a patient to bring their arm closer to the midline of their body. This anatomical movement is known as:

A. Abduction
B. Adduction ✓
C. Flexion
D. Extension
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A medical imaging technician is preparing a patient for a MRI scan to visualize the brain. The brain is housed within which body cavity?

A. Thoracic cavity
B. Abdominopelvic cavity
C. Cranial cavity ✓
D. Vertebral cavity
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A student is learning about the hierarchy of structural organization in the human body. They correctly identify that a group of similar cells working together to perform a specific function forms a:

A. Organ
B. Organ system
C. Tissue ✓
D. Molecule
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A person falls and sustains an injury to their knee. The patella (kneecap) is located on the anterior aspect of the knee, meaning it is:

A. Towards the back
B. Towards the side
C. Towards the front ✓
D. Towards the midline
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A forensic scientist is analyzing a crime scene and finds some organic material. They determine that the material contains sequences of nucleotides, indicating it is responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information. This macromolecule is:

A. Protein
B. Carbohydrate
C. Lipid
D. Nucleic acid ✓
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is administering an intravenous fluid. To ensure the fluid moves into the patient’s cells, the nurse selects a solution that has a lower solute concentration than the intracellular fluid. This type of solution is described as:

A. Isotonic
B. Hypertonic
C. Hypotonic ✓
D. Hydrophobic
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

During an infection, the body’s immune cells increase in number to fight off pathogens. This increase in the number of cells within a tissue or organ is termed:

A. Hypertrophy
B. Metaplasia
C. Hyperplasia ✓
D. Dysplasia
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A student is sketching a diagram of the human skeleton. They are instructed to draw a bone that is longer than it is wide, with a shaft and two ends, primarily responsible for support and movement. This type of bone is classified as a:

A. Short bone
B. Flat bone
C. Long bone ✓
D. Irregular bone
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A patient has a fever, and their body temperature rises above normal. The body responds by activating sweat glands and dilating blood vessels to release heat. This physiological response to restore normal temperature is an example of:

A. Positive feedback loop
B. Negative feedback loop ✓
C. Homeostatic imbalance
D. Catabolic reaction
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A researcher is studying the basic building blocks of life. They isolate a molecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, is water-insoluble, and plays roles in energy storage, membrane structure, and hormone production. This molecule is most likely a:

A. Carbohydrate
B. Protein
C. Nucleic acid
D. Lipid ✓
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A patient undergoes a procedure where a thin, flexible tube is inserted into a body cavity. This procedure requires an understanding of the relationship between different body planes. If the tube is inserted along the long axis of the body, dividing it into equal right and left halves, it is following the:

A. Coronal plane
B. Transverse plane
C. Midsagittal plane ✓
D. Oblique plane
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

In a dissection lab, students are examining the relationship between the heart and the lungs. They correctly identify that the heart is located medial to the lungs. This anatomical directional term means the heart is:

A. Closer to the surface
B. Towards the head
C. Away from the midline
D. Towards the midline ✓
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026
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