MCQs

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Practice Questions

A nurse is educating a patient about viral infections. Viruses are often classified based on their:

A. Cell wall composition.
B. Gram stain reaction.
C. Type of genetic material (DNA or RNA).
D. Ability to produce spores.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient develops a bloodstream infection after receiving intravenous fluids. This is a common route for:

A. Direct contact transmission
B. Indirect contact transmission
C. Airborne transmission
D. Fomite transmission
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The type of immune cell that directly attacks and destroys infected cells is the:

A. B-cell
B. Helper T-cell
C. Cytotoxic T-cell
D. Plasma cell
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The study of the body’s defense mechanisms against disease is called:

A. Pathology
B. Epidemiology
C. Immunology
D. Pharmacology
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient is infected with a bacteriophage. A bacteriophage is a virus that specifically infects:

A. Animal cells
B. Plant cells
C. Bacterial cells
D. Fungal cells
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The bacteria that thrive in extremely hot environments are classified as:

A. Psychrophiles
B. Mesophiles
C. Thermophiles
D. Halophiles
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The process of killing or removal of all microorganisms, including bacterial spores, is called:

A. Disinfection
B. Antisepsis
C. Sterilization
D. Sanitization
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with pneumonia is diagnosed with an infection caused by a bacterium that is resistant to multiple antibiotics. This is an example of:

A. A localized infection
B. A multidrug-resistant (MDR) organism
C. An opportunistic infection
D. A viral coinfection
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The immune response mediated by B-cells and antibodies in bodily fluids is known as:

A. Cell-mediated immunity
B. Humoral immunity
C. Innate immunity
D. Passive immunity
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is educating a patient about preventing the spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the home. Key measures include:

A. Sharing towels and personal items.
B. Frequent handwashing and avoiding sharing personal items.
C. Disinfecting surfaces with plain water.
D. Taking antibiotics for any minor cut.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient develops a rash and fever. The nurse suspects a fungal infection. Fungal infections are often characterized by:

A. Rapid onset and high fever.
B. Slow progression and chronic nature.
C. Clear, watery discharge.
D. Hemorrhagic lesions.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The highest temperature at which a microorganism can grow is its:

A. Optimal growth temperature
B. Minimum growth temperature
C. Maximum growth temperature
D. Thermal death point
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient is infected with a bacterium that produces an enterotoxin, causing severe diarrhea. Enterotoxins primarily affect the:

A. Nervous system
B. Immune system
C. Gastrointestinal tract
D. Respiratory system
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with diphtheria is treated with an antitoxin. Antitoxins provide:

A. Active immunity
B. Passive immunity
C. Innate immunity
D. Cellular immunity
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

The study of parasites is called:

A. Bacteriology
B. Mycology
C. Parasitology
D. Virology
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse is performing wound care. The presence of green-blue pus might suggest an infection with:

A. Staphylococcus aureus
B. Streptococcus pyogenes
C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
D. Escherichia coli
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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