MCQs
11142 questions found
A.
To increase heart rate.
✓
B.
To block the effects of sympathetic nervous system activation, reducing myocardial oxygen demand and improving cardiac remodeling.
✓
C.
To increase preload.
✓
D.
To dilate peripheral blood vessels.
✓
C.
Perforation of a peptic ulcer, leading to peritonitis.
✓
D.
Irritable bowel syndrome exacerbation.
✓
A.
Increases insulin secretion from the pancreas.
✓
B.
Decreases hepatic glucose production and increases insulin sensitivity.
✓
C.
Delays glucose absorption from the gut.
✓
D.
Increases glucose excretion in the urine.
✓
A.
Bronchoconstriction.
✓
B.
Alveolar consolidation with pus and exudate, impairing gas exchange.
✓
D.
Reduced cardiac output.
✓
A.
Excess cortisol production.
✓
B.
Autoimmune destruction of the adrenal cortex, leading to deficiency of cortisol and aldosterone.
✓
C.
Excess aldosterone production.
✓
D.
Impaired glucose metabolism.
✓
B.
Immediate administration of epinephrine.
✓
C.
Topical steroid cream.
✓
A.
Decreased oncotic pressure.
✓
B.
Increased hydrostatic pressure in the pulmonary capillaries due to left ventricular dysfunction.
✓
C.
Increased lymphatic drainage.
✓
D.
Decreased capillary permeability.
✓
A.
Degeneration of articular cartilage.
✓
B.
Autoimmune inflammation of the synovial membrane.
✓
C.
Deposition of uric acid crystals.
✓
D.
Bacterial infection of the joint.
✓
C.
Gallstone obstruction of the cystic duct (biliary colic).
✓
B.
Bilateral ureteral obstruction.
✓
C.
Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) due to prolonged renal ischemia.
✓
A.
Administering high-flow oxygen.
✓
B.
Initiating non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) or mechanical ventilation.
✓
C.
Encouraging deep breathing exercises.
✓
D.
Prescribing oral antibiotics.
✓
A.
Direct inflammation of the renal parenchyma.
✓
B.
Distension of the renal capsule and ureteral spasm.
✓
C.
Ischemia of the kidney.
✓
D.
Nerve compression in the spinal cord.
✓
A.
Abnormal chloride channel function, leading to thick, viscous secretions.
✓
B.
Impaired ciliary movement.
✓
C.
Alveolar destruction.
✓
D.
Bronchial hypersensitivity.
✓
A.
Increases reabsorption of sodium and water.
✓
B.
Blocks aldosterone receptors.
✓
C.
Inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle, leading to increased diuresis.
✓
D.
Decreases heart rate.
✓
A.
Glomerular hyperfiltration.
✓
B.
Direct tubular damage from myoglobin casts.
✓
C.
Increased erythropoietin production.
✓
D.
Renal artery stenosis.
✓
A.
Complement activation.
✓
B.
Autoantibody production.
✓
C.
Massive release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators from mast cells and basophils.
✓
D.
T-cell mediated cytotoxicity.
✓
B.
Needle decompression for tension pneumothorax.
✓
C.
Inhaled bronchodilator.
✓
A.
Acute inflammation of nerve endings.
✓
B.
Demyelination due to autoimmune attack.
✓
C.
Microvascular damage and metabolic alterations affecting nerve fibers.
✓
D.
Compression of spinal nerves.
✓
A.
Loss of dopaminergic neurons.
✓
B.
Accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles.
✓
C.
Demyelination of nerve fibers.
✓
D.
Increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure.
✓
