Practice Questions

Leininger’s theory is considered crucial in a diverse country like Pakistan because it:

A. Helps nurses focus only on the physical needs of patients.
B. Guides nurses to provide care that respects the patient's cultural background and values.
C. Simplifies nursing care by treating all patients the same.
D. Is the only theory approved by the Pakistan Nursing Council.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

“Culture care repatterning/restructuring” in Leininger’s theory involves:

A. Helping the client to change or modify a cultural practice that is harmful.
B. Supporting the client's cultural practices that are beneficial to their health.
C. Making accommodations in care to account for the client's cultural beliefs.
D. Imposing the nurse's own cultural beliefs on the client.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse in a rural clinic in Sindh modifies a patient’s diet plan to include traditional foods that are acceptable within the patient’s cultural and religious beliefs. This is an example of which of Leininger’s nursing decisions?

A. Culture care preservation or maintenance.
B. Culture care accommodation or negotiation.
C. Culture care repatterning or restructuring.
D. Culture care imposition.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

According to Leininger, the primary goal of nursing is to provide:

A. Culturally congruent care.
B. A clean and safe environment.
C. Assistance with 14 basic needs.
D. A therapeutic nurse-patient relationship.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

Madeleine Leininger’s theory is centered on the concept of:

A. Self-care
B. Adaptation
C. Interpersonal relations
D. Culture care
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A significant difference between Watson’s theory and Orem’s theory is that:

A. Watson emphasizes the transpersonal caring relationship, while Orem emphasizes managing self-care deficits.
B. Orem's theory is a grand theory, while Watson's is a practice theory.
C. Watson's theory is for psychiatric patients, while Orem's is for medical-surgical patients.
D. Watson's theory is older than Orem's theory.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A nurse sits quietly with a patient’s family after their loved one has passed away, offering comfort and support. This action best exemplifies which of Watson’s carative factors?

A. The provision for a supportive, protective, and/or corrective environment.
B. The assistance with gratification of human needs.
C. The allowance for existential-phenomenological forces.
D. The development of a helping-trusting, human caring relationship.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

Watson’s theory includes 10 ‘carative factors’ (or ‘caritas processes’). Which of the following is a key carative factor?

A. Ensuring efficient drainage and cleanliness.
B. Practicing loving-kindness and equanimity.
C. Assisting with the gratification of human needs.
D. Promoting adaptation in the role function mode.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

According to Watson, ‘caring’ is:

A. A set of technical skills performed by the nurse.
B. An optional aspect of nursing practice.
C. The central, unifying, and dominant focus of nursing.
D. A concept borrowed from medicine.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring is best described as a:

A. Theory focused on completing tasks efficiently.
B. Philosophical and moral approach to nursing that emphasizes the nurse-patient relationship and caring.
C. Model for helping patients achieve independence in self-care.
D. Framework for adapting to environmental stressors.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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