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Practice Questions

A pathologist is examining a biopsy from a solid organ and observes a tissue type characterized by abundant extracellular matrix, specialized cells, and roles in support, protection, and binding other tissues together. This tissue is:

A. Epithelial tissue
B. Muscle tissue
C. Nervous tissue
D. Connective tissue ✓
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A student is asked to identify the most abundant inorganic compound in the human body, essential for transport, chemical reactions, and temperature regulation. This compound is:

A. Oxygen
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Water ✓
D. Glucose
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A patient is experiencing severe burns, and the integrity of their skin’s superficial layer is compromised. This layer, primarily composed of keratinocytes, is the:

A. Dermis
B. Hypodermis
C. Epidermis ✓
D. Subcutaneous tissue
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A physiologist is studying how muscles contract. They observe that calcium ions are released from a specialized endoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells, triggering the contraction process. This specialized endoplasmic reticulum is the:

A. Rough ER
B. Smooth ER
C. Sarcoplasmic reticulum ✓
D. Golgi apparatus
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A genetic mutation leads to defective protein synthesis. Which cellular organelle is directly responsible for protein synthesis?

A. Mitochondria
B. Lysosomes
C. Ribosomes ✓
D. Nucleus
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A physician is explaining a procedure to a patient, noting that the surgical incision will be made parallel to the long axis of the body, dividing it into anterior and posterior parts. This incision follows the:

A. Transverse plane
B. Midsagittal plane
C. Frontal (coronal) plane ✓
D. Oblique plane
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A group of organs working together to perform a major function, such as digestion or respiration, constitutes a(n):

A. Tissue
B. Cell
C. Organism
D. Organ system ✓
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

In anatomical terms, the sternum (breastbone) is anterior to the vertebral column, meaning the sternum is:

A. Towards the head
B. Towards the back
C. Towards the front ✓
D. Towards the side
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A patient presents with a severe allergic reaction, where mast cells release histamine, causing widespread inflammation. This rapid response to a stimulus is an example of a:

A. Negative feedback loop
B. Positive feedback loop ✓
C. Homeostatic imbalance
D. Adaptation
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026

A cell is actively synthesizing and packaging proteins for secretion outside the cell. The sequence of organelles involved in this process, after ribosomes, would typically be:

A. Golgi apparatus, Endoplasmic Reticulum
B. Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi apparatus ✓
C. Lysosomes, Mitochondria
D. Nucleus, Ribosomes
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nmdcat.online Anatomy & Physiology 1
Jun 6, 2026
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