Practice Questions

A patient with a severe burn develops an infection. The burn wound healing process is often complicated by which type of intention?

A. Primary intention.
B. Secondary intention.
C. Tertiary intention.
D. First intention.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a long history of smoking develops chronic bronchitis, a form of COPD. The primary pathological change in chronic bronchitis is:

A. Alveolar wall destruction.
B. Airway inflammation, mucus gland hyperplasia, and excessive mucus production.
C. Reversible bronchospasm.
D. Decreased peripheral airway resistance.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with chronic heart failure has a reduced ejection fraction. This indicates:

A. The heart pumps blood efficiently.
B. The heart's pumping ability is decreased.
C. The heart valves are narrowed.
D. The patient is experiencing fluid volume deficit.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with a severe infection develops leukocytosis. This refers to an increase in the number of:

A. Red blood cells.
B. Platelets.
C. White blood cells.
D. Plasma proteins.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) experiences a sudden decline in renal function. The prerenal cause of AKI is characterized by:

A. Direct damage to kidney tubules.
B. Obstruction of urine outflow.
C. Decreased blood flow to the kidneys.
D. Glomerular inflammation.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with acute pancreatitis develops severe abdominal pain. The pain is primarily caused by:

A. Gallstone obstruction only.
B. Autodigestion of pancreatic tissue by its own enzymes.
C. Increased insulin secretion.
D. Liver inflammation.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

A patient with prolonged, severe stress develops adrenal exhaustion. This phase of the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) is characterized by:

A. Initial sympathetic nervous system activation.
B. Mobilization of resources and adaptation.
C. Depletion of adaptation energy and potential for organ damage.
D. Increased resistance to disease.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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