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BS Nursing

5385 questions found

Practice Questions

83. A new vaccine is developed. What medicinal epidemiological measure is used to quantify the reduction in disease risk among vaccinated individuals compared to unvaccinated individuals?

A. Relative Risk.
B. Odds Ratio.
C. Vaccine Efficacy (or Vaccine Effectiveness in real-world).
D. Attributable Risk.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

86. An epidemiologist identifies a novel pathogen and recognizes its potential for widespread human-to-human transmission. What is the urgent public health response?

A. Wait for the pathogen to be fully characterized.
B. Initiate rapid risk assessment, develop containment strategies, and prepare for potential outbreak/pandemic.
C. Dismiss it as a non-issue.
D. Only focus on research.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

87. What technical component of the chain of infection refers to the route by which a pathogen leaves the infected host?

A. Reservoir.
B. Portal of entry.
C. Mode of transmission.
D. Portal of exit.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

72. What technical measure quantifies the proportion of individuals exposed to a risk factor who develop the disease, that can be attributed to that exposure?

A. Relative Risk (RR).
B. Odds Ratio (OR).
C. Attributable Risk (AR).
D. Population Attributable Risk (PAR).
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

73. A new over-the-counter cold medication is released. What medicinal epidemiological aspect involves collecting and analyzing reports of adverse events experienced by consumers?

A. Pre-clinical studies.
B. Phase I trials.
C. Post-marketing surveillance (Pharmacovigilance).
D. Regulatory approval.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

66. A rapidly evolving pandemic strain of influenza is identified. What is the urgent epidemiological action for global health organizations?

A. Focus on treating individual patients in affected countries.
B. Initiate rapid global surveillance, develop and disseminate diagnostic tests, and begin vaccine development efforts.
C. Wait for the pandemic to subside naturally.
D. Restrict all international travel indefinitely.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

67. What technical term describes the ability of a screening test to correctly identify individuals who do not have the disease?

A. Sensitivity.
B. Specificity.
C. Positive Predictive Value.
D. Negative Predictive Value.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

71. A cluster of unknown illness with neurological symptoms appears in a remote village. What is the urgent epidemiological response?

A. Send in medical supplies for symptomatic treatment.
B. Dispatch a rapid response team to conduct a shoe-leather epidemiology investigation to characterize cases, identify exposures, and collect samples.
C. Restrict movement into and out of the village without further investigation.
D. Wait for the cluster to resolve on its own.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

56. A public health department identifies a cluster of unexplained acute kidney failure cases in a specific geographic area. What is the urgent epidemiological action?

A. Issue a general health warning about kidney disease.
B. Conduct a rapid field investigation to identify common exposures, geographical distribution, and patient characteristics.
C. Wait for more cases to appear.
D. Assume it's a genetic predisposition.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

57. What technical term describes the proportion of individuals in a population who die from a specific disease over a specified period?

A. Incidence rate.
B. Prevalence rate.
C. Case-fatality rate.
D. Mortality rate.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026

59. An epidemiologist conducts a study comparing the prevalence of obesity in different countries. What critical limitation of ecological studies should be considered when interpreting these findings?

A. They are expensive.
B. They cannot establish individual-level associations due to the ecological fallacy.
C. They are always biased.
D. They only measure incidence.
nmdcat.online BS Nursing
Jun 6, 2026
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