BIO NMDCAT Concept of Evolution
nmdcat.online July 14, 2026

11. During laboratory investigation, amino acids formed only when an external energy source was supplied. This observation suggests that:

A. Energy was unnecessary for chemical evolution.
B. Energy was required to drive the synthesis of complex organic molecules.
C. Amino acids were contaminants in the apparatus.
D. Living cells produced the amino acids.

📝 Explanation

Correct: Lightning, UV radiation, and volcanic heat provided energy for chemical reactions on primitive Earth. A: Incorrect because energy is essential. C: Miller-Urey controlled contamination. D: No living cells were present. Concept: Role of energy in chemical evolution.

📖 Additional Information

  • Energy was unnecessary for chemical evolution.
  • Energy was required to drive the synthesis of complex organic molecules.
  • Amino acids were contaminants in the apparatus.
  • Living cells produced the amino acids.

Correct: Lightning, UV radiation, and volcanic heat provided energy for chemical reactions on primitive Earth. A: Incorrect because energy is essential. C: Miller-Urey controlled contamination. D: No living cells were present. Concept: Role of energy in chemical evolution.

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