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BIO NMDCAT Concept of Evolution
nmdcat.online July 14, 2026

11. During laboratory investigation, amino acids formed only when an external energy source was supplied. This observation suggests that:

A. Energy was unnecessary for chemical evolution.
B. Energy was required to drive the synthesis of complex organic molecules.
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C. Amino acids were contaminants in the apparatus.
D. Living cells produced the amino acids.

📝 Explanation

Correct: Lightning, UV radiation, and volcanic heat provided energy for chemical reactions on primitive Earth. A: Incorrect because energy is essential. C: Miller-Urey controlled contamination. D: No living cells were present. Concept: Role of energy in chemical evolution.

📖 Additional Information

  • Energy was unnecessary for chemical evolution.
  • Energy was required to drive the synthesis of complex organic molecules.
  • Amino acids were contaminants in the apparatus.
  • Living cells produced the amino acids.

Correct: Lightning, UV radiation, and volcanic heat provided energy for chemical reactions on primitive Earth. A: Incorrect because energy is essential. C: Miller-Urey controlled contamination. D: No living cells were present. Concept: Role of energy in chemical evolution.

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